高三英語(yǔ)教案:《動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組復(fù)習(xí)》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
來(lái)源:精品學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng) 2018-11-13 16:59:20
本文題目:高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)教案:動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞詞組復(fù)習(xí)
【備考策略】
動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)中最靈活、最難掌握的詞之一,在歷年高考題中所占比例也最大,設(shè)題時(shí)往往都是給出四個(gè)不同的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)測(cè)試考生在具體語(yǔ)境中對(duì)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意義的理解和運(yùn)用能力。主要出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇及完形填空中。要求考生構(gòu)建以下比較完整的知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
I.動(dòng)詞的分類
根據(jù)意義和句法作用,英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可分為四類:
1.行為動(dòng)詞(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)
、偌拔飫(dòng)詞:帶賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
、诓患拔飫(dòng)詞:不帶賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
注意:英語(yǔ)里及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞不是截然分開(kāi)的,有的動(dòng)詞既可以是及物動(dòng)詞也可以是不及物動(dòng)詞。
It is important for you to learn how to learn.
第一個(gè)learn是及物動(dòng)詞,后面有賓語(yǔ)how to learn;第二個(gè)learn是不及物動(dòng)詞。
不及物動(dòng)詞向及物動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化需要借助于介詞、副詞等構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
He is working hard at English.
、蹱顟B(tài)動(dòng)詞(相對(duì)靜止):contain, exist, own, prefer, belong
④動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞:延續(xù)性(work, stay);非延續(xù)性(marry, go, come)
2.系動(dòng)詞
、俦硎救嘶蚴挛锏奶卣骱蜖顟B(tài):be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound
②表示狀態(tài)的變化:turn, go, become, get, fall, grow
、郾硎灸撤N狀態(tài)的延續(xù)或持續(xù):remain, keep, stay
注意:絕大多數(shù)連系動(dòng)詞又是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,在解題時(shí)要正確區(qū)分,否則就會(huì)出錯(cuò)。
請(qǐng)看下列這道選擇題:
good,the food has been sold out.
A.Tasted B.Having been Tasted C.Tasting D.To taste
本題考生如果把taste當(dāng)成實(shí)義動(dòng)詞去理解的話,就會(huì)誤選A或B。其實(shí)taste在本句中是連系動(dòng)
詞,應(yīng)該選C才對(duì)=Because the food tastes good,…
3.助動(dòng)詞(與動(dòng)詞原形或分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)):be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall
4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)等等
II.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的構(gòu)成方式及其注意點(diǎn)
1.動(dòng)詞+副詞所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分及物的和不及物的兩類
Please turn every light in the house off. 請(qǐng)把房子里的每一盞燈都關(guān)掉。(及物)
Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.
晚會(huì)后,人們都已離去,哈里出現(xiàn)了。(不及物)
注意:①如果賓語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng),就應(yīng)避免把副詞同動(dòng)詞分開(kāi)
She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她關(guān)掉了所有還在亮著的燈。
、谌绻e語(yǔ)是人稱代詞,只能放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。
She gave them away.她送掉了它們。
、弁粍(dòng)詞和不同副詞搭配時(shí),意義上有很大的差異。
ring back回電話, ring off掛斷電話, ring up打電話
put away放好, put on穿,上演, put up掛起,舉起。
④不同動(dòng)詞和同一副詞搭配時(shí),在意義上有很大的差異。
break out發(fā)生,爆炸 carry out進(jìn)行,開(kāi)展 go out熄滅 break down出毛病hand out分發(fā) let out放出 look out當(dāng)心 sell out賣完
set out出發(fā) take out取出 work out算出 come down落下來(lái)
get down下車 take down取下 write down寫(xiě)下
2.動(dòng)詞+介詞(及物)
I'm looking for my glasses.我在找我的眼鏡。
注意:①當(dāng)它跟賓語(yǔ)時(shí),不能把介詞放在賓語(yǔ)后面。
、谕粍(dòng)詞和不同介詞搭配時(shí),意義上有很大的差異。
look after照料,look at看,look for尋找
3.動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞
I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就見(jiàn)到你。
注意:“動(dòng)詞+介詞”、“動(dòng)詞+名詞+副詞”、“動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞”,這三種搭配都是及物的,如變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),不可漏掉介詞。
In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不能漏掉after)
這樣一來(lái),糧食和蔬菜都能兼顧了。
III.動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析
動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是各類考試的重點(diǎn),高考試題中,單項(xiàng)填空、完形填空等題型中,動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨義的比重較大,并逐年增加。動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨義主要指:
1.形似動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的辨析;
2.意似動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的辨析;
3.動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其它詞形相近、意義相似的詞和短語(yǔ)之間的辨析;
4.意義不同,但容易混淆的動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。
5.某些常用動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣用法的辨析。
動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析要靠考生的日積月累,考生才能在高考中應(yīng)付自如。
IV.動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常見(jiàn)辨析方法
(一)從語(yǔ)法搭配、習(xí)慣用法上進(jìn)行辨析
1.賓語(yǔ)不同,意義也不同
go on doing(繼續(xù)干同一件事) go on to do(接著去干另一件事)
regret doing(后悔干了某事) regret to do(相當(dāng)于be sorry to do)
forget doing (忘記已做過(guò)的事) forget to do(忘記要去干的事)
remember doing(記得已做過(guò)的事) remember to do(記住要去干的事)
mean doing(意味著干) mean to do(想干…)
try doing(嘗試做) try to do(設(shè)法做)
consider doing(考慮去做) consider to be/have done(認(rèn)為是/認(rèn)為已經(jīng)做了)
2.接賓語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)(主補(bǔ)),形式有不同
某些動(dòng)詞如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞,但接賓補(bǔ)(主
補(bǔ))時(shí),賓補(bǔ)(主補(bǔ))要用不定式。
We forbid smoking here.(賓語(yǔ),用動(dòng)名詞)
We forbid you to smoke here.(賓補(bǔ),用動(dòng)詞不定式)
You are forbidden to smoke here.(主補(bǔ),用動(dòng)詞不定式)
3.賓語(yǔ)形式不同,意義相同
有些詞如need,require,want,deserve等后可接不定式(要用被動(dòng)形式),可接動(dòng)名詞(要用主動(dòng)形式表
被動(dòng)意義),兩種形式意義相同。
The room requires to be cleaned.=The room requires cleaning
4.主動(dòng)形式表示“被動(dòng)”意義的動(dòng)詞
有些動(dòng)詞sell,open,close,wash,teach,burn,measure,cut,lock,cost,read,write,tear,wear,pull, clean,add,cook等,它們的主語(yǔ)是事物,且又是表示主語(yǔ)的固有特征和狀態(tài),與行為方式狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí),要用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義:
My pen writes smoothly.我的筆好寫(xiě)。
Oil burns easily.油易燃燒。
5.意義上基本相同,但是在用法上﹑習(xí)慣搭配上有不同之處的詞
buy/cost/pay/spend/take都可以指花錢買東西;spend/take都可指花時(shí)間;但是它們?cè)谟梅、?xí)慣搭配上
有較大的區(qū)別。
The watch cost him thirty-six thousand francs.
He spent thirty-six thousand francs on the watch/ (in) buying the watch.
It took him thirty six thousand francs to buy the watch.
He paid thirty-six thousand francs for the watch.
He bought the watch for thirty-six thousand francs.
以上句子所表達(dá)的意思基本相同:他花了36,000法郎買了這只手表。
(二)從組成形式和它們的恰切含義上辨析
詞匯間的微小差別對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)既是重點(diǎn)又是難點(diǎn)。要從詞義的內(nèi)涵和外延上進(jìn)行辨析。
1.以構(gòu)成形式為突破口進(jìn)行辨析
如有無(wú)介詞for,意義不同:answer(回答)/answer for(對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)、償還)
常見(jiàn)的還有:
search(對(duì)人、物或場(chǎng)所搜查)/search for(搜尋人、物或場(chǎng)所)
leave(離開(kāi)某地)/leave for(去某地) reach(到達(dá);拿到)/reach for(伸手去拿)
prepare(準(zhǔn)備)/prepare for(為…作準(zhǔn)備) enter(進(jìn)入)/enter for(報(bào)名參加)
run(經(jīng)營(yíng);跑)/run for(競(jìng)選) stand(站;忍受)/stand for(代表)
pay(付錢、債給某人)/pay for(付錢買某物)
2.以意義為突破口進(jìn)行辨析
、僖饬x內(nèi)涵不同型:幾個(gè)詞它們的內(nèi)在含義不盡相同。
defend, protect, guard 都與 “保護(hù)”有關(guān)。
defend 指采用辦法消除存在的危險(xiǎn)或擊退正在進(jìn)行的攻擊。
protect 指使用某種遮蓋或外力,外物防御可能的傷害或毀壞。
guard 指小心警惕,防止實(shí)際存在的或可能發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)。
They raised a large army to defend the country.
他們招募了一支龐大的軍隊(duì)來(lái)保衛(wèi)這個(gè)國(guó)家的安全。
The entrance to the palace were well guarded.
進(jìn)宮殿的入口處門衛(wèi)把守得很嚴(yán)。
Clothing is worn to protect us from cold.
穿衣服是為了御寒。
②動(dòng)作結(jié)果不同型:動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞和結(jié)果動(dòng)詞: 英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞雖然意義相同,但用法不同,有的表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作,而另一個(gè)則表示該動(dòng)作所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。
advise(勸說(shuō))/persuade(勸服)
I advised him but I couldn’t persuade him. 我勸過(guò)他,但未能勸服他。
這類常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞還有:
look for(尋找)/find(找到)
look(看)/see(看見(jiàn))
listen(聽(tīng))/hear(聽(tīng)到)
try(試 圖,不說(shuō)明是否成功)/manage(設(shè)法,側(cè)重做到)
③動(dòng)作狀態(tài)不同型:begin(開(kāi)映:動(dòng)作非延續(xù)性)/be on(開(kāi)映:狀態(tài)延續(xù)性)
The film began at 5 o’clock and has been on for half an hour. 電影5點(diǎn)開(kāi)映,已開(kāi)映半小時(shí)了。
④客觀主觀不同型:receive(客觀上:收到)/accept(主觀上:受到)
I received her present but I didn’t accept it.我收到了她的禮物,但沒(méi)有接受。
、葜苯娱g接不同型:hear(直接:聽(tīng))/hear of(間接:聽(tīng)說(shuō))
I heard him singing. 我聽(tīng)到她在唱歌。
I have heard of him.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他的有關(guān)情況。
V.重點(diǎn)所要背誦的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
根據(jù)筆者對(duì)2006-2009四年全國(guó)及各省市高考單項(xiàng)選擇題中考查所涉及到的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的統(tǒng)計(jì)(見(jiàn)文后的附錄),我們建議考生2010復(fù)習(xí)迎接高考中重點(diǎn)所要背誦的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如下(僅供參考):
1.以a開(kāi)頭的動(dòng)詞為中心的詞組
accuse…of…(=charge… with)控告/指控某人犯有……罪
add to 增添
add up 加起來(lái)
add up to 加起來(lái)達(dá)……,合計(jì)達(dá)……
adapt…to使……適應(yīng)
adjust…to使……適應(yīng)
agree with同意某人意見(jiàn)(接sb.或idea, view等);適應(yīng);與……一致
agree to (one’s plan/ proposal) 同意某人的計(jì)劃或提議
answer for對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)
apply for申請(qǐng),請(qǐng)求
appeal for懇求,呼吁
attach…to…將……系在…..,使隸屬/附屬于……,將……縛在……
approve of贊成
apologize to sb for sth因……向某人道歉
be absorbed in埋頭于……,專心于……
be accustomed to(=get used to=be used to)習(xí)慣于……
be addicted to沉迷于/沉溺于……,迷戀……
be admitted to/into獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入……,被……錄取
be annoyed with sb. at/about sth
2.以break為中心的詞組
break away from脫離,逃離,打破
break down vt.破壞,粉碎,瓦解;vi.出故障,拋錨;衰弱
break in闖進(jìn),打斷;使順?lè)?br />
break into闖入;強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入;突然開(kāi)始
break out爆發(fā),發(fā)生;準(zhǔn)備使用;起錨
break off 打斷,斷絕,折斷,突然終止
break through 突破,克服,擠過(guò)去
break up vt.開(kāi)墾,破碎;解散,分解;vi.結(jié)束
3.以build為中心的詞組
build on / upon 建立在…上,依賴,指望
build up 增加,增進(jìn),建成,振興
4.以burst為中心的詞組
burst forth 爆發(fā),噴出,忽然出現(xiàn)
burst in 闖進(jìn),突然出現(xiàn)
burst into闖進(jìn),突然……起來(lái),突然發(fā)出
burst into tears/laughter嚎啕大哭/放聲大笑
burst out 迸發(fā),爆發(fā),突然發(fā)出,大聲叫喊
burst out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放聲大笑
5.以 bring為中心的詞組
bring about導(dǎo)致,引起,促使
bring back 帶回,使回憶,使恢復(fù)
bring down 使下降,濃縮,收縮,擊落
bring forth開(kāi)(花),結(jié)(果),發(fā)表,提出
bring forward 提出
bring into action 使行動(dòng)起來(lái),使生效
bring into effect/practice 完成,實(shí)現(xiàn),實(shí)施,
bring out 拿出,公布,發(fā)表,出版,生產(chǎn)
bring through 治愈,使度過(guò)困難/危險(xiǎn)時(shí)期
bring to mind 使想起,回憶起
bring up 撫養(yǎng),養(yǎng)育,培養(yǎng),使停止
6.以call為中心的詞組
call at 訪問(wèn)(某地),停泊在
call away 叫走,把(注意力)轉(zhuǎn)移開(kāi)
call for 需要,要求,接(某人),
call in 召集,收集,請(qǐng)入,引入
call off 取消,下令停止
call on 拜訪(某人),號(hào)召
call out 大聲喊,喚起
call up 打電話給…; 召集; 使想起
7.以carry為中心的詞組
carry about 隨身攜帶
carry away 沖走,帶走,沖昏某人頭腦
carry back 拿回,運(yùn)回,使想起
carry……into effect/practice 執(zhí)行,實(shí)行,實(shí)現(xiàn),完成
carry off 帶走,奪去……的生命,獲得(獎(jiǎng)品)
carry on 堅(jiān)持,繼續(xù),進(jìn)行
carry out 貫徹,執(zhí)行,實(shí)施,完成
carry through 堅(jiān)持到底,貫徹,完成
8.以catch為中心的詞組
be caught doing被發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事
be caught in the rain淋雨
catch /take fire 著火
be caught in the traffic遭遇交通阻塞
catch one’sword聽(tīng)懂某人的話
catch sight of發(fā)現(xiàn),瞥見(jiàn)
catch sb’s attention引起某人注意
catch the point of 抓住…的要點(diǎn)
9.以clear為中心的詞組
clear away 掃除,消除
clear off 清除,清理,(云霧)消散,(雨)停
clear out 清除,掃出
clear up(天)變晴;打掃,消除
10..以come為中心的詞組
come aboutvi.發(fā)生,改變方向
come across偶爾發(fā)現(xiàn),想起;越過(guò);償付
come at達(dá)到,求得,得到;撲向,襲擊
come back回來(lái);恢復(fù),復(fù)原
come down倒下;降落;跌落;病倒
come into being發(fā)生,產(chǎn)生,出現(xiàn),形成
come into power開(kāi)始執(zhí)政,當(dāng)權(quán),當(dāng)選
come into effect/ force開(kāi)始生效,開(kāi)始實(shí)行
come into existence形成,產(chǎn)生,開(kāi)始存在
come into fashion開(kāi)始流行
come into operation開(kāi)始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),實(shí)施,生效
come into use開(kāi)始使用,獲得應(yīng)用
come round/around 拜訪,繞道
come to蘇醒,復(fù)原,共計(jì),達(dá)到,歸結(jié)于,漸漸,說(shuō)到/提及到
come to an agreement 達(dá)成協(xié)議
come to a conclusion 得出結(jié)論
come to a decision 作出決定
come to an end終止,結(jié)束
come to a stop 結(jié)束,停止,停頓,
come to an understanding 取得諒解
when it comes to…就…而論,談到
come to know/realize/understand開(kāi)始了解到/意識(shí)到/明白
come to life 蘇醒,栩栩如生
come to light 明朗化,出現(xiàn),顯露出來(lái)
come to oneself蘇醒
come true實(shí)現(xiàn),成為現(xiàn)實(shí);證實(shí)
come up走近;上樓;流行起來(lái);發(fā)芽,上來(lái);(問(wèn)題)被提出;(風(fēng)浪)猛烈起來(lái)
11.以compare為中心的詞組
be compared to 被比作,與…相比
be compared with與…相比
beyond /without compare 無(wú)可比擬的,無(wú)法比較的
compare notes with和…交換意見(jiàn)/核對(duì)筆記
compare …to…把..比作,把…與…相比
compare …with…把…與…相比
12.以devote為中心的詞組
be devoted to 貢獻(xiàn)給,致力于
devote one’s attention to 專心于
devote oneself/one’s life to 獻(xiàn)身于,致力于
devote to獻(xiàn)身于,專心于
13.以divide為中心的詞組
be divided by…被…除
be divided on…對(duì)于…有分歧
divide sth. among / between…在…之間分配
divide A from B 把A同B分開(kāi)
divide…into… 把…分成
divide up 分割,瓜分,劃分,分配
14.以die為中心的詞組
die away漸熄(減弱,消失) 側(cè)重于減弱直至“消失”(尤其指聲音,光,風(fēng))
die down漸漸消失,平息(尤其指火勢(shì),大海,脾氣)
die of 死于(疾病、饑餓、寒冷、情感等內(nèi)因)
die from 死于(災(zāi)害、事故等外因)
die off死去
die out 滅絕,消失,熄滅
15.以do為中心的詞組
do a good deed做一件好事
do the deed 付諸行動(dòng),生效
do away with去掉,廢除;弄死;浪費(fèi)
do /cause damage to 損害
do good to (=do sb. good)有益于
do harm to (=do sb. harm)有害于
do wrong to (=do sb. wrong)冤枉某人
do one’s best / utmost盡某人最大努力
do sb. a favor /do a favor for sb. 幫助某人
do up 捆,扎,系,扣,收拾,刷新
do with忍受,處理(對(duì)比:deal with)
do without不需要…也行,不用
16.以 drive為中心的詞組
drive away vi.開(kāi)車走掉 vt.趕走,驅(qū)趕
drive off 驅(qū)散
drive out 逐出,乘車出去
drive through 乘車穿過(guò)(街道等)
drive sb.mad 使某人發(fā)瘋
17.以fall為中心的詞組
fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡著/沉默
fall back撤退,后退
fall behind 落后,落伍,落在后面
fall down 倒下,落下,掉下,病倒,失敗
fall in love with…愛(ài)上(某人)
fall into a habit of 養(yǎng)成…習(xí)慣
fall off 掉下,衰退,減少
fall to pieces 破碎,崩潰,瓦解
fall into ruins 成為廢墟
18.以fix為中心的詞組
fix a date / time for…為……安排日期/時(shí)間
fix up 修理,安裝,安排,建造,提供
fix on / upon 確定,決定
fix one’s eyes on/upon 注視,凝視
fix one’s attention on/upon專心于,把注意力集中在
19.以get為中心的詞組
get about徘徊,走動(dòng),旅行;流傳
get accustomed to習(xí)慣于,對(duì)……習(xí)以為常
get across度過(guò),通過(guò),橫過(guò);說(shuō)服,使被理解
get ahead of勝過(guò),超過(guò)
get along前進(jìn),進(jìn)步;同意;離去,相處
get along with與……相處
get around 走動(dòng),傳播,影響,說(shuō)服
get away離開(kāi),逃脫,出發(fā),開(kāi)始度假
get back取回,回來(lái);報(bào)復(fù)
get close to 接近,靠近
get down to認(rèn)真對(duì)待,靜下心來(lái)
get/catch/seize/take hold of獲得,取得,抓住
get in touch with…與…取得聯(lián)系
get into/out of debt 欠債/不欠債
get off送走;脫下(衣服);下車;動(dòng)身
get over越過(guò);恢復(fù),痊愈;克服;完成
get rid of除去,去掉;免除,擺脫
get through撥通,到達(dá),完成,通過(guò);及格
get together 積聚,積累;商談,取得一致意見(jiàn)
20.以give為中心的詞組
give away贈(zèng)送;犧牲;泄露;頒發(fā)
give back歸還,反射
give forth發(fā)出,放出;發(fā)表
give in屈服,讓步,投降
give off發(fā)出(煙,氣味)
give out vt.分發(fā),公布,發(fā)出,使筋疲力盡 vi.用完
give rise to引起,導(dǎo)致;使~~發(fā)生
give up放棄;停止
give way to讓步,退卻;屈服于
given that…假定,給定,已知
21.以go為中心的詞組
go about走來(lái)走去,(謠言等)流傳
go across 度過(guò),越過(guò)
go after 追逐,追求,跟隨
go against 反對(duì),不利于
go ahead 前進(jìn),進(jìn)展,繼續(xù)
go all about 鼓足干勁,全力以赴
go along with… 陪伴,和…一道走
go back to 追溯至
go bad 變壞,腐敗
go beyond 超過(guò),勝過(guò)
go by 經(jīng)過(guò),過(guò)去
go down 下降,沉沒(méi),垮臺(tái),(風(fēng)等)平靜
go for 支持,贊成,適用于,去(取,拿)
go in for 喜歡,參加,贊成,從事, 為…而努力
go into 進(jìn)入,參加,調(diào)查,從事,深入研究
go off 走開(kāi),爆炸
go on 繼續(xù),接下去
go on to do 接著做(另一件事)
go on doing 繼續(xù)做(同一件事)
go on with…繼續(xù)做,忍受
go out 出去,熄滅,離開(kāi),下臺(tái),退休
go over 溫習(xí),檢查,越過(guò)
go through 審查,履行,通過(guò),經(jīng)歷,忍受
go up 上升,上漲,攀登
go without 無(wú)需,沒(méi)有…也行
go wrong 出故障,走錯(cuò)路
22.以hold為中心的詞組
hold back 隱瞞,阻止,克制,扣留
hold to / by 堅(jiān)持,固守
hold down 壓制,壓低,縮減
hold off 耽擱,不接近,離開(kāi)
hold out 伸出,提出,支持,主張
hold up 舉起,豎起,支持,使停滯
hold with 和…意見(jiàn)一致,贊成
23.以keep為中心的詞組
keep away (from) 不接近,避開(kāi),遠(yuǎn)離
keep back 阻止,扣留,隱瞞
keep company with…和…結(jié)交
keep …from…阻止
keep in mind 記住
keep in touch with…與…保持聯(lián)系/不斷接觸
keep off 不接近,遠(yuǎn)離
keep on doing 繼續(xù),不停地做
keep one’s balance 保持平衡
keep out 使…不入內(nèi)
keep pace with…跟上,同…步調(diào)一致
keep up 繼續(xù),堅(jiān)持,保持,維持
keep up with…趕上,跟上 ,與…并肩前進(jìn)
keep watch 守望,值班,注意
24.以lay為中心的詞組
lay aside 把..放在一邊,拋棄,貯藏
lay down 放下,使躺下,放棄,犧牲
lay off (暫時(shí))解雇,放棄,停止
lay out 花費(fèi),投資,不置,打昏
25.以leave為中心的詞組
leave about亂放,亂丟
leave alone 聽(tīng)任,任其自然
leave…as it is.聽(tīng)其自然
leave behind 留下,忘記攜帶
leave for (離開(kāi)某地)去某地
leave out 省去,遺漏,不把…計(jì)算在內(nèi)
leave off 停止,脫去,戒除
leave office 離職,下臺(tái)
leave over 留下,剩下,延期
leave room for 為…讓出地方
leave school 畢業(yè)
leave sth, to / with sb把…交給/留給某人.
leave sb, sth. 把…交給/留給某人
leave word / a message 留言,留信
26.以look為中心的詞組
look about四下環(huán)顧;查看
look after照顧,看管
look around東張西望
look back on / upon …回顧
look down on /upon俯視;輕視
look forward to盼望,期待
look into窺視;調(diào)查;瀏覽
look on /upon旁觀;面向
look on / upon …as…把…看作
look out向外看;注意;當(dāng)心,提防
look over從上面看過(guò)去;檢查,忽略
look through透過(guò)……看去;看穿;瀏覽,徹底調(diào)查
look to 面向,注意
look up 查閱,仰視,漲價(jià)
look up to仰望,尊敬
27.以make為中心的詞組
be made from由……原料制成
be made (out) of由……材料制成
be made up of由……組成
make an appointment with sb.與…約定
make a difference 有差別,有關(guān)系,很重要
make a fool of愚弄,欺騙
make a point 闡述觀點(diǎn)
make a point of doing強(qiáng)調(diào);決心,堅(jiān)持
make a will 立下遺囑
make advantages/use of使用,利用
make believe假裝
make certain / sure確信,把……弄清楚
make contact with 接通,與……接觸,與……聯(lián)系
make for去向,向……前進(jìn);有利于
make oneself at home隨便,別拘束
make oneself understood 讓別人理解自己
make out填寫(xiě);開(kāi)支票;理解;辨認(rèn)
make preparations for為…作準(zhǔn)備
make the best/ most of盡量利用;極為重視
make up彌補(bǔ),修理,賠償,起草,編造,化裝,配制,占…比例
make up to 接近,巴結(jié);向……求愛(ài)
make way for 為……讓路,讓路于
make it 就這么定了,成功,達(dá)到某一特定目標(biāo), 趕到。
28.以meet為中心的詞組
meet the need/demand/requirement of滿足…需要
meet with 偶然碰見(jiàn),遭受,
meet…by chance/accident偶然碰見(jiàn)
make ends meet 使收支相抵
29.以owe為中心的詞組
owe … to…把…歸功于,把…歸因于,
owe much to 多虧了,在很大程度上歸功于
owe it to…that…歸功于,幸虧
owe sb. sth. (=owe sth. to sb.)欠某人…
30.以pass為中心的詞組
pass away 去世,(時(shí)間)過(guò)去
pass by 經(jīng)過(guò),(時(shí)間)過(guò)去
pass on/upon 傳遞,通過(guò)
pass out of one’s mind 被人忘掉
pass over 忽視,置之不理
pass through 經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)過(guò),貫穿
31.以pick為中心的詞組
pick one’s words精選用詞
pick out 挑出,辨別出
pick up 接(某人),接收,獲得,搭載,收拾,恢復(fù),爬起,撿起,學(xué)會(huì),認(rèn)識(shí)
pick up with…結(jié)識(shí),與…交朋友
32.以put為中心的詞組
put aside 把……放在一邊;擱置;排除
put away 把……放好,把……收拾;儲(chǔ)藏;
put back 把……放回原處;撥回
put down 放下;鎮(zhèn)壓;記下;削減;降落
put an end to 結(jié)束,終止,廢除
put forward 提出;撥快;建議,推薦;提倡,
put in 駛?cè)耄M(jìn)入
put…(down) in writing 把…寫(xiě)下來(lái)
put …… into把……放入;插入;翻譯成
put…into use應(yīng)用
put…into practice把…付諸于實(shí)踐
put…into action把…付諸于實(shí)踐,實(shí)施,使生效
put…into effect把..付諸于實(shí)踐,實(shí)施,使生效
put…into operation 將…投入生產(chǎn),實(shí)施,開(kāi)動(dòng)
put…into production將…投產(chǎn),開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)
put off 推遲,延期;消除;推脫,脫下
put on上演,穿上,戴上,增加,撥快(鐘表),推薦
put one’s heart into 全神貫注,專心致志
put out 熄滅,伸出,拿出,制造,刺殺
put through 完成,(電話用語(yǔ))撥通,使穿過(guò)
put up 舉起,掛起;提名,推薦;陳列
put up with 忍受,容忍
33.以refer 為中心的詞組
refer to 指,提及,參考,查閱
be referred to 和…有關(guān),歸功于,被提交…處理
refer oneself to…依賴,求助于
refer to…as…把…稱做,認(rèn)為…是…
34.以see為中心的詞組
see after 照料,照顧
see into 識(shí)透,調(diào)查
see out 送某人到門口/屋外,
see off送行
see through 看透,識(shí)破,支持(某人)到底
see to 照顧,處理,注意
see to it that…照料,努力使,注意把
seeing that…因?yàn),鑒于,既然
35.以send為中心的詞組
send away 解雇,趕走,把…送往遠(yuǎn)處
send down 把…向下發(fā)送,開(kāi)除,降低(價(jià)格,溫度)
send for 派人去叫/請(qǐng)/拿
send off 發(fā)出,寄出,解雇,送別
send out 發(fā)出,散發(fā),長(zhǎng)出(樹(shù)葉等)
send up 發(fā)射,使上升,向上傳遞
send word 通知,轉(zhuǎn)告,捎信
36以set為中心的詞組
be set in 以……為背景
set about(doing)著手,開(kāi)始
set an example to sb.給某人樹(shù)立個(gè)榜樣
set aside 取消,放在一邊,放棄,忽視,拒絕
set back 把(鐘表)往回?fù)?br />
set down 放下,卸下,登記,記載
set fire to (= set…on fire) 放火燒毀
set free 釋放(某人)
set off vi.出發(fā) vt.使爆炸,撥出(錢等)
set out vi.出發(fā) vt.開(kāi)始,著手(to do),布置
set up 建立,設(shè)立,開(kāi)辦,引起(疾病等)
37.以take為中心的詞組
take a chance / an opportunity碰運(yùn)氣,抓機(jī)會(huì)
take a seat就坐
take a shower淋浴,洗澡
take advantage of 利用,乘…之便
take after 仿效,與…相似,長(zhǎng)得像
take aim瞄準(zhǔn),設(shè)立目標(biāo)
take away拿走,減去;奪去
take back收回,取消
take ……by surprise出奇制勝,突襲
take sb.by surprise 使驚訝
take care to do 務(wù)必做,留心做
take ……for/as…把……當(dāng)作
take charge of負(fù)責(zé),主管
take down 取下,記下,占領(lǐng),拆毀,病倒
take effect 生效,起作用
take … for example 以…為例
take … for granted 認(rèn)為…理所當(dāng)然
take in 吸收,接納,欺騙,輕信,領(lǐng)會(huì)
take…into account / consideration 考慮,重視
take it / things easy 別緊張,從容
take measures / steps 采取措施
take off vt.脫去,除去;vi.起飛,起程,成功,成名
take office就職,上任
take on 呈現(xiàn),雇傭,承擔(dān),擔(dān)任
take one’s place就坐,入坐,代替
take one’s time(to do) 慢慢做
take out 拿出,取出,去除,取得(專利權(quán))
take over 接管,接任,接收
take possession of 占有,擁有
take the place of代替
take the shape of 呈/取……的形狀
take the size of 量…的尺寸
take pride in以……為榮,對(duì)……驕傲
take…seriously/calmly嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真/冷靜從容地對(duì)待
take sb. by the arm拉某人的胳膊
take sb.in one’s arms 擁抱某人
take turns(to do) 輪流做
take up for 袒護(hù)
take up with 致力于,忍受,對(duì)…發(fā)生興趣
38.以think為中心的詞組
think about 考慮
think aloud 自言自語(yǔ)
think highly / well/much/a lot of對(duì)…評(píng)價(jià)很高
think little/ill/nothing of 輕視,看不起
think of 想,想著,想做
think of …as…把…看作
think out 仔細(xì)考慮,想通
think over仔細(xì)考慮
think through想通
think to oneself 沉思,暗自想
think up 想出,想通,想起
39.以turn為中心的詞組
turn away把……打發(fā)走,解雇,轉(zhuǎn)臉不采,使轉(zhuǎn)變方向
take one’s turn to do輪到做
turn a blind eye to對(duì)……視而不見(jiàn)
turn a deaf to對(duì)……充耳不聞
turn against背叛,采取敵對(duì)態(tài)度
turn back 折回,往回走
turn down 折疊,翻下,駁回,拒絕考慮
turn into 走進(jìn);變成,變?yōu)?br />
turn to ……for help 求助于
turn off 關(guān)上,解雇,避開(kāi)(問(wèn)題)
turn on 打開(kāi);反對(duì);依靠,依賴,取決于
turn one’s attention to把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向
turn out 培養(yǎng);證明是;制成;實(shí)際情況是
turn out to be 原來(lái)是,證明是,結(jié)果是
turn over a new leaf翻開(kāi)新的一頁(yè), 改過(guò)自新
turn (a)round 旋轉(zhuǎn),轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái);改變意見(jiàn);
turn to 變成;著手于
turn upside down 顛倒過(guò)來(lái),翻過(guò)來(lái)
40.以watch為中心的詞組
keep (a) watch 守望,值班,留心
watch one’s time /opportunity 等待時(shí)機(jī)
watch out (for)當(dāng)心,監(jiān)視,注意,提防
watch over 查看,監(jiān)視,看守
watch one’s weight 留心體重
watch one’s step 當(dāng)心,留心
考點(diǎn)解析
考點(diǎn)一、動(dòng)詞意義的辨析
、賀ecently, these companies have _______ some workers because of the drop in economy.
A. hired B. dismissed C. refused D. employed
【解析】答案為B。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是及物動(dòng)詞,且都可以與worker構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,但從題干中的the drop in economy可知,只有B項(xiàng)符合題意。
②When his brother was to cross the street, he was knocked down by a truck and badly _______。
A. injured B damaged C. harmed D. destroyed
【解析】答案為A。這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“傷害,損害”之意,但具體用法不同。injure指在意外事故中“受傷”;damage主要指對(duì)于物體的不徹底的破壞,這種破壞或因自然災(zāi)害所致,或因人為造成,常含可以修復(fù)之意;harm用于肉體或精神上的傷害,有時(shí)可指引起不安或不便;destroy表示毀壞十分徹底,常含無(wú)法修復(fù)再用之意。
考點(diǎn)二、動(dòng)詞的固定搭配
、買 it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for
their products.
A. make B. look C. take D. think
【解析】答案為C。take...as...意為“把……當(dāng)作/認(rèn)為……是”;另外,“look on...as...”和“think of...as...”也有此意。若用A項(xiàng),需要把it后面的as去掉。
、贖er shoes her dress; they look very well together.?
A. suit B. fit C. compare D. match
【解析】答案為D。suit指“符合某人的口味,或顏色、款式等的相配或適合”;fit指“強(qiáng)調(diào)尺寸、大小或形狀上的吻合”;compare意為“比較、對(duì)照”;match指“兩個(gè)物體大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)等方面很相配,顯得很協(xié)調(diào)”。
③With modern equipment, many mysteries have _______ to light in recent years.
A. bought B. come C. thrown D. appeared
【解析】答案為B。題意為“由于有現(xiàn)代化的設(shè)備,近年來(lái)許多謎團(tuán)被揭開(kāi)”。“揭露,將……曝光”是come to light,故答案為B項(xiàng)。
、躎he card reads: “Dear Mom and Dad, they are _______ everyone write home. Love, Joey.”
A. advising B. suggesting C. letting D. making
【解析】答案為D。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空缺處后面的write home是無(wú)to的不定式,作everyone的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),由此可排除A項(xiàng);suggest后面不能跟不定式作賓補(bǔ),更不用說(shuō)無(wú)to的不定式,由此排除B項(xiàng);let作為使役動(dòng)詞時(shí),無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),也排除;只有make后面是跟無(wú)to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的,所以答案為D。
考點(diǎn)三、連系動(dòng)詞的辨析
、賂he effect of the medicine on this kind of disease remains______ _.
A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see
【解析】答案為B。題意為“這種藥對(duì)這種疾病的效果尚待觀察”。由題意可知,remain在此是用作系動(dòng)詞,且see這一動(dòng)作還沒(méi)有發(fā)生,答案鎖定在B和D中間;“the effect”和“see”之間存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
、贠n hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she ______pale.
A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared
【解析】答案為C。“got” 作系動(dòng)詞時(shí),表示人為所致成一個(gè)相對(duì)長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程;“changed”是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,不能接形容詞作表語(yǔ);“went”作系動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示情況變壞、糟糕;“appeared”表示表面是這樣而事實(shí)上并非如此。
、跧t was already past midnight and only three young men _______in the tea house.
A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted
【解析】答案B。為句意:早已過(guò)了半夜,僅有3位年輕人還留在茶房。“remain”作系動(dòng)詞,后可跟名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞,不定式的被動(dòng)式作表語(yǔ)。
考點(diǎn)四、不同動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析
The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to its reality.
A. make up B. figure out? C. look through D. put off
【解析】答案為B。make up意為“組成、化妝、編造”;figure out意為“理解、弄清楚”;look through意為“瀏覽”。句意:目前的形勢(shì)非常復(fù)雜,因此我認(rèn)為要花費(fèi)我一段時(shí)間來(lái)弄清楚它的真實(shí)性。
考點(diǎn)五、由同一動(dòng)詞與介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)辨析
It’s going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me______ the clothes on the line?
A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on
【解析】答案為C。get off意為“下車”;get back意為“回來(lái)”;get in意為“收集,收獲”;get on意為“前進(jìn),進(jìn)展”。表示“收衣服”要用“get in clothes”。
考點(diǎn)六、有同一介詞或副詞與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)辨析
①In modern times, people have to learn to all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable
life.
A. keep with B. stay with? C. meet with D. live with
【解析】答案為D。live with和put up with類似在此意為“忍受”。句意:在現(xiàn)代社會(huì),人們盡管過(guò)著舒適的生活,但他們還得學(xué)會(huì)忍受各種各樣的壓力。
、赺_____a moment and I will go to your rescue.?
A. Go on B. Hold on C. Move on D. Carry on
【解析】答案為B。go on意為“繼續(xù)”;hold on意為“抓住不放、堅(jiān)持”;move on意為“繼續(xù)前進(jìn)”;carry on意為“繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”。根據(jù)后句的I will go to your rescue可知,這里應(yīng)是“堅(jiān)持住、別松手”。句意:堅(jiān)持一會(huì)兒,我會(huì)救你的。
考點(diǎn)七、動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞短語(yǔ)的辨析
—Have you________ some new ideas??
—Yeah. I’ll tell you later.
A. come about B. come into? C. come up with D. come out with
【解析】答案為C。come about意為“發(fā)生”;come into意為“進(jìn)入、得到”;come up with意為“想出、提出”;come out with意為“發(fā)表,公布、說(shuō)出”。句意:“你想出新的主意了嗎?”“是的,我過(guò)會(huì)兒告訴你。”
考點(diǎn)八、動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)的辨析
The media can often help solve problems and draw attention _______ situations _______ help is needed.
A. in; that B. to; which C. in; where D. to; where
【解析】答案為D。draw/pay attention to意思是“注意;關(guān)心”。名詞“attention”前可以有“more,little, careful,close, no,some”等形容詞修飾,“to”后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。第二空中用“where”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。句意:媒體常常能幫助解決問(wèn)題,關(guān)注需要幫助的對(duì)象。
1.【2012浙江卷,15】 Armed with the information you have gathered, you can_______ preparing your business plan.
A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up
【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞詞組詞義辨析
【答案】B
【解析】根據(jù)句意:有這么些個(gè)你所收集的信息,你可以著手(set about doing sth)準(zhǔn)備你的商業(yè)計(jì)劃了。Set out to do sth著手;set off出發(fā);set up建立,均不符合語(yǔ)境,故排除。
2.【2012浙江卷,12】 According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to______ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.
A. differ B. shrink C. fail D. decline
【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析
【答案】D
【解析】根據(jù)句意:根據(jù)科學(xué)家研究,我們的精神氣在22歲達(dá)到高峰值之后便從27歲開(kāi)始下滑(decline)。Differ不同;shrink縮水;fail失敗、衰竭,均不符合語(yǔ)境,故排除。
3.【2012湖北卷,21】Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to ________ our school’s campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago
A. sponsor B. launch
C. organize D. plan
【答案】A
【考點(diǎn)】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。難度中等。
【解析】該句意為:兩位 律師捐贈(zèng)了5,0000美元贊助我校“幫助貧困生”活動(dòng)……
A項(xiàng)意為“贊助”,符合句意;B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)射,開(kāi)辦”,C項(xiàng)意為“組織”,D項(xiàng)意為“計(jì)劃”,都與句意不同。故A項(xiàng)正確。
4.【2012江蘇卷,26】 — OK, I've had enough of it. I give up.
—You can't your responsibilities.
A. run off with B. run up against C. run out of D. run away from
【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析
【答案】D
【解析】run away from意為“逃離,躲避”,run off with意為“偷走;與……私奔”;run up against意為“偶遇”;run out of意為“用完”。句意為:——好了,我已受夠了,我放棄。——你不能逃避你的責(zé)任。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。
5.【2012安徽卷,28】 The athlete's years of hard training when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up
【答案】C
【考點(diǎn)】考點(diǎn)本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組。
【解析】pay off 有很多含義:1 付清某人的工資并解雇他 償清欠款等等 2. 對(duì)某人或某事進(jìn)行報(bào)復(fù) 3.使人得益,有報(bào)償 4.賄賂
6.【2012江西卷,30】We were all agreed that the cottage would a perfect holiday home for the family.
A.make B.turn C.take D.have
30答案:A考點(diǎn):考察動(dòng)詞的用法
解析:我們一致同意,這個(gè)小舍將會(huì)給我們的家庭營(yíng)造一個(gè)完美的假日家園。make表“可以用作,可發(fā)展為”,與for連用。Turn表示“變?yōu)?rdquo;,一般后跟into。
7.【2012全國(guó)II,12】 We ______ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down
【答案】C
【解析】此處set about開(kāi)始做. . .,后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞;set up建立;set out開(kāi)始做. . .,后接不定式;set down寫(xiě)下,記下。根據(jù)to paint可知選set out。句意:那天我們開(kāi)始粉刷整個(gè)房子但只完成了前面的部分。
【考點(diǎn)】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的含義。
8.【2012湖北卷,22】 Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and ________ every page of my draft.
A. approved B. quoted
C. polished D. folded
【答案】C
【考點(diǎn)】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。難度中等。
【解析】句意為:最后,我要感謝我的輔導(dǎo)老師,他給我的論文提出了很多批評(píng)和建議,并對(duì)每張稿件作了推敲。C項(xiàng)意為“推敲”,符合句意,故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“通過(guò)”,B項(xiàng)意為“引用”,D項(xiàng)意為“折疊”,都與句意不符。
9.【2012湖北卷,23】 Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to ________ his courage.
A. hold up B. keep up C. set up D. take up
【答案】B
【考點(diǎn)】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。難度中等。
【解析】句意為:獨(dú)自在黑暗中行走,男孩吹口哨保持勇氣。B項(xiàng)意為“維持,不使低落”,符合句意。A項(xiàng)意為“舉起”,C項(xiàng)意為“建立”,D項(xiàng)意為“拿起”,都與句意不符。
B組 2008-2011年全國(guó)高考題組
1.【2011安徽卷, 34】If you _____faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon 【答案】A
【考點(diǎn)】考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)這輛自行車有毛病但還是想要,你就要求這家商店的營(yíng)業(yè)員減價(jià)。”come across偶然遇到;care about關(guān)心,在乎;look for尋找;focus upon專注于。 2.【2011浙江卷,6】The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to __________it,
A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with
【答案】A
【考點(diǎn)】考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“這所學(xué)校并不是我原來(lái)真正想去的,但我現(xiàn)在想盡量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用,盡量好好去做;get away from逃離;keep an eye on照看,,留心; 注意;catch up with追上,趕上。對(duì)照現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去對(duì)學(xué)校態(tài)度的變化,選A。
3.【2011浙江卷,12】He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up
【答案】D
【考點(diǎn)】考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“他決定一路駕車回家,不在旅館留宿。”put down放下,平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓,記下;put off推遲;put on穿上,戴上,上演,假裝,增加;put up舉起,建立,張貼,投宿。根據(jù)句意選D。
4.【2011四川卷,7】To get a better grade, you should __________the notes again before the test.
A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over
【答案】A
【考點(diǎn)】考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“為了獲得好成績(jī),你應(yīng)該在考試前好好復(fù)習(xí)這些筆記。”go over審查,復(fù)習(xí),重溫從頭到尾檢查一遍;get over越過(guò),完成,克服(困難),從(疾病、失望、震驚等)中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái);turn over翻身,翻轉(zhuǎn),把……移交;take over接管; 接替。
5.【2011陜西卷,25】Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out
【答案】C
【考點(diǎn)】考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。
【解析】take in吸收,欺騙;take off拿走, 取下,脫去(衣服等),起飛;take on承擔(dān),呈現(xiàn),雇用;take out把…帶出去,清除, 除掉。句意為“一些昆蟲(chóng)為了保護(hù)自己,讓自己的體色與其周圍環(huán)境的顏色相似。”
6.【2011湖北卷,29】The government has taken measures to _________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down
【答案】B
【考點(diǎn)】考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。
【解析】句意為“政府已經(jīng)采取措施來(lái)降低日常生活用品的價(jià)格以保持市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定。”take down拆卸,記錄,記下;bring down 使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕, 擊敗,降(價(jià));hand down把…傳遞下來(lái),遺留; 流傳;tear down拆毀; 拆卸。根據(jù)后面的“保持市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定”選B。
7.【2010浙江卷】The majority of people in the town strongly the plan to build a playground for children.
A.consider B.support C.confirm D.submit
【答案】B
【考點(diǎn)】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。
【解析】分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思:consider考慮, 思考, 認(rèn)為等;support支持, 擁護(hù), 維持;confirm證實(shí), 確認(rèn);submit使屈服, 使經(jīng)受。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境:鎮(zhèn)上的大多數(shù)人都積極地?fù)碜o(hù)為孩子們建造運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)的計(jì)劃。
8.【2010浙江卷】After that, he knew he could any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability.
A.get away with B.get on with C.get through D.get across
【答案】C
【考點(diǎn)】本題考查與get相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)辨析。
【解析】分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思:get away with僥幸逃脫;get on with與……有好相處;get through接通, 順利通過(guò), 完成;get across被理解, 越過(guò)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境:經(jīng)過(guò)那件事之后, 他明白了他能盡一切可能去順利解決任何突發(fā)情況。
9.【2009浙江卷】The good thing about children is that they _______ very easily to new environments.
A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply
【答案】A
【考點(diǎn)】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義。
【解析】根據(jù)句意, “關(guān)于孩子們美好的事情就是孩子們能很容易適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境”。adapt to“適應(yīng)”; appeal to“有吸引力, 有感染力;呼吁;求助于;上訴”等; attach to“粘上, 附上”; apply to“應(yīng)用于, 適應(yīng)于”。
10.【2009安徽卷】Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.
A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means
【答案】C
【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析
【解析】正像Professor Scotti提出的, 成功是來(lái)自99%的汗水。
11.【2008浙江卷】American Indians about five percent of the U.S. population.?
A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up
【答案】C
【考點(diǎn)】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。
【解析】句意為:美洲印第安人占美國(guó)人口的5%。fill up填充;bring up培養(yǎng), 撫養(yǎng);make up占據(jù);set up建立。
12.【2008江蘇卷】—Is Peter there??
— , please. I’ll see if I can find him for you.?
A. Hold up B. Hold on C. Hold out D. Hold off
【答案】B
【考點(diǎn)】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。
【解析】hold on意為 “不要掛斷, 請(qǐng)等一會(huì)兒”, 符合句意, 其余選項(xiàng)均不是打電話時(shí)的用語(yǔ)。
三年模擬
A組 2012年全國(guó)高考題組
1.(浙江省2012屆高三六校聯(lián)考 12)
---- Did you see Jay Chou at his album signing?
---- Not really. We waited in line for an hour, only to be ______ at the door.
A. turned away B. turned out C. turned off D. turned up
2.(浙江省2012屆高三六校聯(lián)考,14)Parents who _____ to sing to their children may help with children’s development of language skills.
A. add B. tend C. amount D. focus
3.(浙江省2012屆重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體高三第二學(xué)期3月調(diào)研,12)
---Did you enjoy the movie?
---Sure, it is _____ a beautiful country town with a variety of cultures.
A. put on B. set in C. taken on D. got in
4.(浙江省蒼南縣靈溪中學(xué)2012屆高三高考模擬,5)Fully ________ in doing the housework, she doesn’t have time to enjoy various activities in the club any longer.
A. attached B. occupied C. contributed D. devoted
5.(浙江省蒼南縣靈溪中學(xué)2012屆高三高考模擬,13)In the questionnaire, the subjects are questioned whether they ________ no smoking in the public area.
A. agree B. comment C. advocate D. conduct 6.(浙江省蒼南縣靈溪中學(xué)2012屆高三高考模擬 ,14 )
--- Mom, I can’t see any point in working hard at all the subjects at school.
--- Come on, dear. Years of hard work will surely ________in the future of your career.
A. make out B. pay off C. bring back D. get away
7.(浙江省蒼南縣靈溪中學(xué)2012屆高三高考模擬,18)These chemicals in the food supply ________ in people’s bodies over time.
A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up
8.(浙江省蒼南縣樹(shù)人中學(xué)2012屆高三第一次月考 ,22)The car was out of order halfway and the heavy snow also______ the helplessness of the woman driver.
A. added to B. resulted from
C. turned out D. made up
9.(浙江省蒼南縣樹(shù)人中學(xué)2012屆高三第一次月考,24)
—Isn’t David an efficient manager?
—Er, David is really great but sometimes he has problems ______ his ideas.
A. getting around B. getting along
C. getting across D. getting off
10.(浙江省蒼南縣樹(shù)人中學(xué)2012屆高三第一次月考 ,26)She______ in a chair with a book and a cup of tea, watching TV.
A. seated B. settled down
C. settled on D. settled
11.(浙江省蒼南縣樹(shù)人中學(xué)2012屆高三第一次月考,22)A truly creative pe rson can tell the same story time after time and still ______ with fresh ideas.
A. come along B. come on
C. come up D. come out
12.(浙江省蒼南縣樹(shù)人中學(xué)2012屆高三第一次月,34)Oprah(奧普拉), the queen of American daytime talk TV, is_____ one of the most powerful women in the world.
A. raised B. recognized
C. requested D. recommended
B組 2010-2011年全國(guó)高考題組
1.(2010學(xué)年浙江省第二次五校聯(lián)考,5)The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was ______ on the radio yesterday.
A. turned out B. found out C. given out D. carried out
2.(2010學(xué)年浙江省第二次五校聯(lián)考,6)When asked to move away, the other three _____ but Mary was unwilling to do so.
A. adopted B. confirmed C. advocated D. submitted
3.(2010學(xué)年浙江省第二次五校聯(lián)考,8)Was the large amount of wood ______ our bridge cut from that large forest a long time ago?
A. used to build B. used to building
C. was used to building D. was used to build
4.(寧波效實(shí)中學(xué)2011年高三模擬,5)I’ve read a variety of science fictions, but few of them the one that you lent me yesterday.
A.suit B.compare C.match D.beat
5.(寧波效實(shí)中學(xué)2011年高三模擬,6)Could you please tell me where you bought the dress you yesterday?
A.tried on B.put on C.had on D.pulled on
6.(2010-2011學(xué)年?duì)栄鸥呖夹抡n標(biāo)第三次模擬預(yù)測(cè)卷,9)To the great disappointment of the poor peasant workers, a great part of their salaries were _____ by the boss for no right reason.
A. kept away B. kept off C. kept back D. kept up
7.(浙江省長(zhǎng)興三中2010屆高三第一次月考,21)The moment I saw her, I _________ her, although she changed a lot through years.
A. know B. realized C. recognized D. noticed
8.(浙江省長(zhǎng)興三中2010屆高三第一次月考,22)You’d better ________ your coins, and see how long you can last.
A. add up to B. add to C. add up D. add
9.(浙江省長(zhǎng)興三中2010屆高三第一次月考,24)He spends all his spare time collecting stamps. He seems to _____ this.
A. be crazy about B. be concerned about
C. be native to D. play a part in
10. (杭十四中2009學(xué)年第一學(xué)期9月月考,17) The further falling of the stock market as reported today has ______a fresh wave of selling.
A. give off B. set off C. put off D. got off
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