高二英語教案：《Saving the earth總復(fù)習(xí)》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(5)

　　【拓展】share用作名詞，意為"(利益、報酬等的)份兒，一份"，常與of，in連用。如：① I haven't got my share of the cake yet. 我還未分到我的一份蛋糕。② Each had his share in the profit. 各人分得自己的一份利益。

　　【注意】在英國語中，shares可指"股票"，而美國英語中常用stock。

　　11. Since then, several Earth Summit have been held and much progress has been made．打那以來，已舉行了數(shù)次地球峰會，且取得了很大進(jìn)步。(p.67 Reading 第一段 第4行)

　　progress是不可數(shù)名詞，意為"進(jìn)步；進(jìn)展；前進(jìn)"。如： ① He made great progress in English. 他在英語方面大有進(jìn)步。② Jane is still in hospital, but she's making good progress. 珍妮還在住院，但她的健康恢復(fù)很快。③ The ship made slow progress through the rough sea. 船在大風(fēng)大浪中行駛得很慢。

　　【注意】即使progress之前有形容詞修飾，也不能加不定冠詞。

　　【拓展】progress還可作不及物動詞，意為"取得進(jìn)步；進(jìn)展(順利)"。如： ① We are now progressing steadily with our work. 我們的工作目前進(jìn)行得很穩(wěn)當(dāng)。② He is progressing in his studies. 他學(xué)習(xí)不斷進(jìn)步。

　　12. One of the main themes of the summit was "sustain- able development", or the question how we can continue developing the world without damaging the environ- ment. 這次峰會的其中一個主要議題就是"持續(xù)性發(fā)展"，或者是不破壞環(huán)境我們?nèi)绾卫^續(xù)推動世界發(fā)展的問題。(p.67 Reading 第一段 倒數(shù)第4行)

　　1) continue意為"繼續(xù)"，可用作及物動詞和不及物動詞。作及物動詞，其后主要接名詞、動詞不定式、動名詞、that從句等。用于不中斷的繼續(xù)或中斷后的繼續(xù)。如： ① After a ten-minute break, the class continued. 休息了10分鐘后，又繼續(xù)上課。② He continued reading when I spoke to him. 我跟他說話時，他仍然繼續(xù)閱讀。③ After that, he continued to devote himself to research work. 在這以后，他繼續(xù)致力于研究工作。④ The politician continued that he thought the government should call an election. 那位政治家接著說，他認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)該舉行一次選舉。

　　【辨析】 go on to do／doing，last；continue to do／doing: go on to do／doing有明顯差異，主要指內(nèi)容上的轉(zhuǎn)換或時間上的停頓、間歇，使用頻率較高，不用于被動語態(tài)。last；continue有部分交叉關(guān)系，last常表示時問或物態(tài)的繼續(xù)存在，不用人及有生命的東西作主語，不用于被動語態(tài)。continue to do／doing幾乎沒有區(qū)別，中間可有停頓可不停頓。① He went on talking as though nothing had happened. 他若無其事地繼續(xù)講下去。(涉及同一件事) ② He went on to show us how to do it in a different way. 他接著又教我們用另一種方法做這件事。(涉及到兩件不同的事) ③ The war lasted four years. 戰(zhàn)爭持續(xù)了四年。④ Will you continue doing the work after dinner? 晚飯后你繼續(xù)于活嗎?

　　【拓展】continue也可作連系動詞，意為"仍舊...，持續(xù)...的情況"，其后主要接形容詞和介詞短語。如： ① The weather continued cold and wet. 天氣還是那樣又冷又潮。② She still continues in weak health. 她身體依舊虛弱。

　　2) without后接動名詞，表示"沒做某事......"。如：① He managed to open the box without showing us what was in it. 他設(shè)法把箱子打開了，卻沒讓我們看見里面裝的是什么。② He rubbed his hands all the time as if he was washing them, and smiled without stopping. 他一直在搓著手，好像是在洗手，并且不停地笑著。③ For three days Tom worked without (taking) any rest.湯姆不停息地干了三天。

　　【注意】not／never...without (doing) sth. 是雙重否定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"無...不，必定"，用來加強(qiáng)語氣。如：① The two can never talk without smiling. 他倆談話沒有不笑的時候。② He can't take his meal without wine. 他每餐必喝酒。

　　【辨析】 with no；without

　　* with no表示沒有的東西，是該人或該事物的特點(diǎn)。

　　* without表示沒有的東西，是指在正常情況下缺少的東西。① He's a person with no sense of humour.他是一位無幽默感的人。② Without water we can't live. 沒有水我們就不能生存。

　　13. In Johannesburg, experts from all over the world spoke about different topics and discussed new ways to solve old problems. 在約翰內(nèi)斯堡，來自全世界的專家討論了不同的主題，討論了解決老問題的新辦法。(p.67 Reading 第二段 第1行)

　　speak about／on意為"談?wù)摚徽摷?quot;，往往是比較詳盡地談一個問題或題目，若指一般地提及某事，多用speak of。如：① They were speaking about their boss. 他們在談?wù)撝�他們的老板。�?Think this matter over and we'll speak about it tomorrow morning. 這事你先想想，咱們明天早上再談。③ I haven't yet spoken t0 him on this subject. 我還沒與他詳談此事。④ I hope you will not speak of it again. 我希望你不要再談起此事了。

　　【鏈接】與speak構(gòu)成的常見搭配： speak well／highly of 贊揚(yáng) / speak ill of... 說......壞話 / generally speaking 一般而言 / strictly speaking 嚴(yán)格地說 / speak for itself (事情)不說自明 / speak to oneself 自言自語 / speak out one's mind 說出心里話 / speak out 大聲說出，毫無顧慮地說出 / speak from the heart 憑良心說 / speak by the book 說話確切

　　14. According to the World Health Organisation, the big three cause more than seven million deaths every year. 根據(jù)衛(wèi)生組織的報告，這三大殺手致使每年有七百萬人死亡。(p.67 Reading 第二段 第4行)