高考英語13個語法考點 英語語法歸納總結

高考英語13個語法考點 英語語法歸納總結

高中英語離不開語法的學習，無論是英語口語還是英語寫作，聯(lián)系各個詞匯之間的就是英語語法。下文有途網(wǎng)小編給大家整理了高考必考的13個英語語法考點，供參考!

高考英語必考的13個語法考點

(1) as引導方式狀語從句句型：“按照……;正如……”

例：As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.

正如(像) 你們國家一樣，我們北方種植小麥，南方種植水稻。

(2) as+形容詞/副詞原級+(a /an)+名詞+as ;

否定式：not as/so --- as

例：He is as good a player as his sister.

他和他姐姐一樣是位優(yōu)秀的運動員。

(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……

例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.

她是一個如此的一個笨蛋以致相信了他所說的話。

(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……

例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.

他是如此的強壯以致于能提起那重箱子。

(5) such...as... 象……之類的…… (接名詞或定語從句)

例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.

他希望成為一個像雷鋒這樣的人。

(6) the same +名詞+as 和……一樣的…… (接名詞或定語從句)

例：He is not the same man as he used to be.

他不是從前的那樣子了。

(7) as 引導非限制性定語從句

例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.

眾所周知，知識就是力量。

(8)引導時間狀語從句，與while意義相近

例：We get wiser as we get older.

隨著我們長大，我們也變得越來越聰明。

(9) 引導原因狀語從句，與 because的用法相近

例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.

因為越來越遲了，所以我們不久就回來了。

(10) 引導讓步狀語從句

例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.

盡管他是一個小孩，但他對科學了解得很多。

(1) prefer to do sth

例：I prefer to stay at home.

我寧愿呆在家里。

(2) prefer doing sth

例：I prefer playing in defence.

我喜歡打防守。

(3) prefer sb to do sth

例：Would you prefer me to stay?

你愿意我留下來嗎?

(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……

寧愿…...而不愿...

例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.

我寧愿呆在家里而不愿出去.

(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth

例：I prefer watching football to playing it.

我喜歡看籃球，不喜歡打籃球。

(6) prefer sth to sth

例：I prefer tea to coffee.

我要茶不要咖啡。

(1) be doing sth...when...

例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.

他正笑著的時候門突然開了，他妻子走了進來。

(2) be about to do sth ... when ...

例：We were about to start when it began to rain.

我們剛要出發(fā)，天就開始下雨了。

(3) had just done ... when ...

例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.

在勞累了一天之后我剛剛就寢，電話鈴就響了。

(1) It +seems + that從句

例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.

看來好像每個人都很滿意。

(2) It seems to sb that ...

例：It seems to me that she is right.

我看她是對的，

(3) There seems to be ...

例：There seems to be a heavy rain.

看上去要有一場大雨。

(4) It seems as if ...

例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.

看樣子她不能來上課了。

(1) She is taller than I by three inches.

她比我高三英寸

(2) There is one year between us.

我們之間相差一歲。

(3) She is three years old than I.

她比我大三歲。

(4) They have increased the price by 50%.

他們把價格上漲了50%

(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.

他的工資已經(jīng)漲到了每月10,000元。

(1) what 引導主語從句

例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.

讓我吃驚的是每個人似乎對她都很冷淡。

[ indifferent adj.不關心的;冷漠的]

(2) what 引導賓語從句

例：We can learn what we do not know.

我們能學會我們不懂的東西。

(3) what 引導表語從句

例：That is what I want.

那正是我所要的。

(4) what 引導同位語從句

例：I have no idea what they are talking about.

我不知道他們正在談論什么。

(1) too ... to do ...

例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)

政治太重要了，不能由政治家來決定。

(2) only too ... to do ...

例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.

我要回到家里就非常高興。

(3) too + adj + for sth

例：These shoes are much too small for me.

我穿這雙鞋太小了。

(4) too + adj + a + n.

例：This is too difficult a text for me.

這篇課文對我來說太難了。

(5) can't … too +形容詞 無論……也不為過

例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我們再怎么強調(diào)保護眼睛的重要性也不為過。

(1) where 引導的定語從句

例：This is the house where he lived last year.

這就是他去年住過的房子。

(2) where 引導的狀語從句

例：Where there is a will，there is a way.

有志者事竟成。

He left his key where he could find.

他將鑰匙放在易找到的地方。

I will go where I want to go.

我要去我想去的地方。

(3) where 引導的表語從句

例：This is where you are wrong.

這正是你錯的地方。

(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人現(xiàn)在做某事

例：I wish I were as strong as you.

我希望和你一樣強壯。

(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人過去做某事

例： I wish you had told me earlier

要是你早點告訴我就好了。

(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人將來做某事

例：I wish you would succeed this time.

我希望你這次會成功。

(1) would rather do sth than do sth 寧愿做……而不愿做……

例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.

她寧可死也不去背叛祖國。

(2) would rather have done sth 寧愿過去做過某事

例：I would rather have taken his advice.

我寧愿過去接受他的意見。

(3) would rather sb had done sth 寧愿某人過去做過某事

例：I would rather I had passed the examination last week.

我真希望通過上星期的考試。

(4) would rather sb did sth 寧愿某人現(xiàn)在或將來做某事

例： Who would you rather went with you?

你寧愿誰和你一起去?

(1) before sb can/ could … 某人還沒來得及……

例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me.

我還沒來得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸。

(2) It will be +時間+ before + 還有多長時間……

例：It will be 4 years before he graduates.

他還有四年時間變畢業(yè)了。

(3) had done some time before (才……)

例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

我們航行了四天四夜才見到陸地。

(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……

例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.

我們還沒走到一英里路就覺得累了。

(5) It was not +一段時間+ before 不多久就……

例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.

還沒到兩年他們離開了那國家。

(1) It is /was +被強調(diào)部分+that(who)...

例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.

是我昨天給我叔叔寫信的。

(2) Is/was it + 被強調(diào)部分 + that (who) ...

例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?

在街上你遇見的是你兄弟嗎?

(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑問詞 + is/was it that ...

例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?

明天你究竟怎樣去看望她?

(4) do/does/did +謂語動詞 (強調(diào)謂語)

例：They do know the place well.

他們的確很熟悉那個地方。

(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.

例：I would like to have written to you.

我本想給你寫信的。

(2) was / were going to do sth.(用過去將來時態(tài)表示原打算做什么)

例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.

Lucy 原打算看一場籃球比賽。

高考英語語法重點歸納重點

一.非謂語動詞

一)不定式的�？夹问剑�

1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.

被動形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.

語法功能： 表示與謂語動詞同步發(fā)生

2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me.

被動形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages.

語法功能：表示發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前

二)不定式常考的考點：

1)不定式做定語----將要發(fā)生

2)不定式做狀語----目的

3)不定式充當名詞功能---To see is to believe.

三)不定式的省略

1)感官動詞 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel

+ do 表示動作的完整性，真實性;

+ doing 表示動作的連續(xù)性，進行性

I saw him work in the garden yesterday.

昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。(強調(diào)"我看見了"這個事實)

I saw him working in the garden yesterday.

昨天我見他正在花園里干活。(強調(diào)"我見他正干活"這個動作)

" 感官動詞后面接形容詞而不是副詞：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.

2) 使役動詞 have bid make let 等詞后不定式要省略但同1)一樣被動以后要還原to

I 'd like to have John do it.

I have my package weighed.

Paul doesn't have to be made to learn.

3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do

四)有些動詞后只跟不定式如：

want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do

force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do

be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do

We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet.(NMET

1995)

A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met (Key：C)

五) 有的時候to后面要接-ing形式

accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.

二. 動名詞： 具有動作性特征的名詞

1)是名詞 seeing is believing

2)具有動詞性特征可以帶賓語 starving troops is necessary.

一)動名詞的形式:

一般形式：I don't like you smoking.

完成形式：I regret not having taken your advice.

被動形式：This question is far from being settled.

二) 動名詞�？嫉狞c

1)動名詞做主語謂語動詞為單數(shù)

2)在動名詞和不定式中,做為介詞的賓語是動名詞

3)動名詞的否定直接在其前加否定詞,通過代詞的賓格或所有格形式給出邏輯主語.

I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.(MET 1992)

A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling(Key：C your calling 也對)

I regret not having taken your advice.

4)有些詞后只能接動名詞

admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...

另外還有一些接-ing形式的常用說法：

it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...

三、一致關系

一)主謂一致

1. 主謂一致(與插入語無關)

1主謂的分隔原則：主謂之間可以用定語從句或者省略的定語從句分隔。

2定語從句中的主謂一致：

3隨前一致：

n. + together with n2

as well as

including

along with

with / of

accompanied with / by

4就近原則：n1 or n2 +v(就近原則)

either n1 or n2

5可數(shù)n1 and 可數(shù)n2+v(pl)

不可數(shù)n1 and 不可數(shù)n2+v(pl)

例外：war and peace is… war and peace是一個整體

但是如果主語表示的是同一個概念，同一人，同一事的時候，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，這種結構的特征是and連接的兩個詞只有一個冠詞。

The iron and steel industry is very important to our country.

The head master and mathematical teacher is coming.

The head master and the mathematical teacher are coming.

類似的還有：law and order bread and

butter black and white

To love and to be loved is …

A lawyer and a teacher are…

A lawyer and teacher is …

6隨后原則：not A but B / not only A but also B+v.(與B一致)

7百分比結構：most , half , rest , some , majority , one+persent

of+n1+v.(由n1決定

8倒裝結構的主謂一致：

a)There be +n 由名詞決定動詞

b)Among , between等介詞位于句首引起倒裝結構：

Among / Between …+系動詞+n. (由名詞決定動詞)

9The+adj的主謂一致：

a)當表示"一類人"，

b)當表示某一抽象概念時

The good is always attractive.

10 To do/doing/主從+vs

*More than one+n

many a +n.

a day or two