形容詞與副詞,高考真題語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

　�、�. 單句語法填空

　　1．(2015·安徽，26改編)I'm so __grateful__(gratefully) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.

　　解析：be grateful to...意為“對……感激/感謝”。

　　2．(2015·安徽，31改編)They gave money to the old people's home either __personally__(person) or through their companies.

　　解析：personally“私人地，個(gè)人地”。句意：他們以個(gè)人的名義或通過他們的公司給養(yǎng)老院捐錢。

　　3．(2015·浙江，13改編)Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was __formerly__(former) alive.

　　解析：formerly“先前地，以前地”。句意：如果我們了解甚至一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)有關(guān)食物是從哪兒來的，那么大多數(shù)人都懂得每一口放進(jìn)我們嘴里的食物之前都是活著的。

　　4．(2015·湖北，27改編)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment， he has to hurry a little if he wants to be__punctual__(punctuality)．

　　解析：punctual準(zhǔn)時(shí)的。句意：盡管會議大廳就在他的公寓附近，但如果他想要準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)，他必須得快點(diǎn)。

　　5．(2015·湖北，28改編)I don't think what he said is __relevant__(relevantly) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.

　　解析：relevant相關(guān)的，切題的。句意：我認(rèn)為他所說的話與我們正在討論的問題不相關(guān)。他沒有抓住要點(diǎn)。

　　6．(2015·四川，9改編)Little Tom sat __amazed__(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.

　　解析：amazed意為“感到吃驚的”，常修飾人。句意：小湯姆吃驚地坐在那兒看著猴子在他面前跳舞。拓展：These soldiers spent three days in the cold weather，cold and hungry.這些士兵們又冷又餓，在嚴(yán)寒的天氣中過了三天。

　　7．(2015·福建，23改編)It was __considerate__(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.

　　解析：considerate考慮周到的，體貼的，常用結(jié)構(gòu)It is considerate of sb. to do sth。句意：邁克爾告知我們他耽擱了一些時(shí)間，以防我們擔(dān)心真是太考慮周到了。

　　8．(2015·江蘇，31改編)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and__comprehensive__(comprehension) review of the case.

　　解析：comprehensive“全面的，詳盡的”。句意：警官們決定對這個(gè)案件做一個(gè)徹底、詳盡的審查。

　　9．(2014·課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ，70改編)Just be __patient__(patience)．

　　解析：句意為：要耐心。設(shè)空前為系動詞be，因此要用提示詞的形容詞形式作表語，故填patient。

　　10．(2014·湖北，27改編)What was so __impressive__(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.

　　解析：句意為：賈絲明·韋斯特蘭的勝利給人印象很深的是，她赤腳取得了馬拉松的第一名。設(shè)空處和前面的系動詞was構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，所以用形容詞作表語。impressive意為“給人印象深刻的”。

　　11．(2014·陜西，16改編)—You know， I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday.

　　—__Really__(real)？ I thought you'd met them before.

　　解析：句意為：——你知道么，我就是在昨天第一次見了女友的父母。——真的嗎？我以為你以前就見過他們了呢。really意為“真的”，在此處表示驚奇。

　　12．(2013·湖北，29改編)Don't defend him any more.It's obvious that he__deliberately__(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.

　　解析：設(shè)空處修飾謂語動詞destroyed，用副詞形式。句意為：不要再為他辯解了。很顯然他是故意弄壞花園的柵欄的，他甚至都不道歉。

　　13．(2014·江西，23改編)Thanks for your directions to the house； we wouldn't have found it __otherwise__.

　　解析：句意為：多謝你把我們領(lǐng)到這所房子，否則，我們是不可能找到它的。otherwise意為“要不然，否則”符合語境。

　　14．(2014·湖北，78改編)This novel was once the __most_widely__(wide) read book in high schools in the United States.

　　解析：句意為：這部小說曾經(jīng)是美國高中閱讀最廣泛的書。根據(jù)空前的定冠詞及空后的in high schools in the United States可知，應(yīng)用最高級the most widely來修飾過去分詞read，故填most widely。

　　15．(2014·遼寧，68)The __harder__ (hard) you try to beat him， the more likely you will get hit.He controls you！

　　解析：本句是固定句式：“the＋比較級，the＋比較級”，表示“越……就越……”。句意為：你越是用力打他，你就越可能被打，他能夠控制你！故答案為harder。

　�、�. 語法填空

　　在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport， workers began to unload a number of __1. wooden__ (wood) boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was __2. extremely__ (extreme) heavy. It __3. suddenly__ (sudden) occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was __4. astonished__ (astonish) at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of __5. woolen__ (wool) goods. He was __6. so__ surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested， the man admitted hiding __7. silently__ (silent) in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and __8. uncomfortable__ (comfort) trip， for he had been confined (關(guān)在)to the wooden box __9. secretly__ (secret)for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay ￡3，500 for the cost of the trip， which was __10. more__ expensive than the normal price， which only cost ￡2，000.

　�、�. 單句改錯

　　1．(2015·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.

　　答案與解析：seriously→serious　應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞，不能用副詞。

　　2．(2014·遼寧)That is too much for us， considering how closely the houses are.

　　答案與解析：closely→close　closely是副詞，副詞通常不能和系動詞連用構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)改為形容詞close，本句how close the houses are中的close本應(yīng)該是在系動詞are的后面，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)are close。

　　3．(2013·廣東，23改編)But such a small thing couldn’t possible destroy a village.

　　答案與解析：possible→possibly　修飾動詞destroy，用副詞形式。

　　4．(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Instead， he hopes that his business will grow steady.

　　答案與解析：steady→steadily　句意：相反，他希望他的生意能夠穩(wěn)步增長。grow“增長”是謂語動詞，故用副詞修飾。

　　5．(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅲ)They were also the best and worse years in my life.

　　答案與解析：worse→worst　句意：它們也是我生命中最好和最壞的那些年。此處用最高級，與上文的the best呼應(yīng)。

　　6．(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅲ)At one time， I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.

　　答案與解析：freely→free　句意：起初，我甚至感到我的父母不能理解我，所以我希望我能夠遠(yuǎn)離他們。be是連系動詞，其后要跟形容詞作表語。

　　7．(2016·四川)The dishes that I cooked were Mom's favoritest.

　　答案與解析：favoritest→favorite　句意：我做的菜是媽媽最喜歡的。favorite“最喜歡的”，沒有比較級和最高級形式。

　　8．I write to my mother every week， most on Sundays.

　　答案與解析：most→mostly　副詞mostly表示“大部分地；主要地”，此處作“大多數(shù)”講，故將most改為mostly。most作副詞時(shí)，意為“最”。

　　9．Zaire is the second large producer of diamonds.

　　答案與解析：large→largest　根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示最高級意義，largest前加序數(shù)詞表示“第幾大……”。

　　10．After making a carefully examination， the doctor said， “You are  in a very good state of health for a woman of your age.

　　答案與解析：carefully→careful　examination是名詞，要用形容詞來修飾。

　　11．The dog may be a good companion for the old. Therefore， the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.

　　答案與解析：Therefore→However　句意為：狗或許是老年人的好朋友，然而帶著它散步可能不方便。disadvantage是關(guān)鍵詞，由此可知前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用however。

　　12．(2016·四川)Mom was grateful and moving.

　　答案與解析：moving→moved　moving“令人感動的”，moved“感動的”。根據(jù)語境可知，媽媽感到非常感動，故應(yīng)用moved。

　　13．He has to work if he wants to live comfortable.

　　答案與解析：comfortable→comfortably　修飾動詞live，應(yīng)用副詞comfortably。

　　14．When he was young， he read a lot， and late he became a famous  writer of his day.

　　答案與解析：late→later　late作形容詞或副詞，意為“遲，晚”；later作副詞，意為“后來”，符合語境。

　　15．This is a most beautiful park. I have never seen a best one before.

　　答案與解析：best→better　此處用比較級better，放在否定句中表達(dá)最高級含義。