高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn):But
2018-02-05 11:13:46求知學(xué)園
一、直接考查連詞but在語境中的用法即要求考生根據(jù)試題的語境(看其是否有轉(zhuǎn)折意味)來確定連詞but的正確使用。這類考題通常會(huì)將連詞but與連詞and,so,or等結(jié)合起來考查。同學(xué)們做題時(shí)要注意比較,尤其要注意比較各個(gè)連詞填入句子后,比較句意的邏輯性和通暢性。如:
1. You have failed two tests. You'd better start working harder,_________ you won't pass the course.
A. and B. so C. but D. or
「解析」D.or的意思是"否則""要不然",只有此詞填入空格,句意最通順。
2. They wanted to charge $5,000 for the car,_________ we managed to bring the price down.
A. but B. so C. when D. since
「解析」A.前后兩分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故用but.
3. -Somebody wants you on the telephone. -_________ no one knows I'm here.
A. For B. And C. But D. So
「解析」C."有人打電話來找我"與"沒有人知道我在這里"是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填but.
二、利用but的轉(zhuǎn)折語境考查其他知識(shí)點(diǎn)即根據(jù)題干中連詞but的轉(zhuǎn)折性語境來確定相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的選擇。此時(shí)尤其要注意前后相關(guān)信息的對(duì)比、對(duì)照或互為相反義。如:
1. He has made a lot of films,but _________ good ones.
A. any B. some C. few D. many
「解析」C.由于句中用了轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but,所以要填few與前面的many相對(duì)比。
2. It's hard for him playing against me. I've got nothing to play for,but for him,he needs to win so _________.
A. far B. well C. little D. badly
「解析」D.句中的badly不是表示"糟糕地",而是表示"很""非常",這樣用的badly主要與表示"想要"或"需要"的詞語或短語(如want,need,be in need of等)連用。如:Our school is badly in need of English teacher. 我們學(xué)校急需英語教師。/ He wants to buy a new car badly. 他很想買輛新車。
3. I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I _________ have driven her there.
A. could B. must C. might D. should
「解析」D.比較:"could+have+過去分詞"的意思是"本來可以""本來應(yīng)該""本來能夠";"must+have+過去分詞"的意思是"一定已經(jīng)";"might+have+過去分詞"的意思是"本來可以""本來可能";"should+have+過去分詞"的意思是"本來應(yīng)該".根據(jù)句意,顯然只有D最佳。
三、考查but的相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)或句式如考查not…but…,not only…but (also)…等句式的搭配和運(yùn)用。如:
1. Between the two generations,it is often not their age,_________ their education that causes misunderstanding.
A. like B. as C. or D. but
「解析」D.題目考查not…but…的用法,其意為"不是……而是……".全句意為:兩代人之間引起的誤解往往不是他們的(不同)年齡,而是他們所受的(不同)教育。
2. Reality is not the way you wish things to be,nor the way they appear to be,_________ the way they actually are.
A. as B. or C. but D. and
「解析」C.此題也是考查not…but…結(jié)構(gòu)。全句意為:現(xiàn)實(shí)不是你想象出來的事物的狀態(tài),也不是事物表象給人的感覺,而是其本來的樣子。
四、考查連詞but與定語從句的相互干擾大家知道,在含有定語從句的復(fù)合句中,我們是不能在主句與從句之間使用并列連詞的。但是,命題者有時(shí)卻會(huì)利用連詞but與定語從句的相互干擾性來考查考生的辨別能力。如:
1. I don't mind her criticizing me,but _________ is how she does it that I object to.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
「解析」A.此題考查it is……that…這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型。句意為:我不介意她批評(píng)我,我反對(duì)的是她批評(píng)我的方式。由于句中使用了并列連詞but,所以絕對(duì)不能選D.
2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday,but _________ didn't help.
A. it B. she C. which D. he
「解析」A.用it代替前面整句話的內(nèi)容。但若去掉but,則選which.