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高三英語教案:《互動探究·能力備考》教學(xué)設(shè)計

來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng) 2018-11-14 08:55:57

  Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān)

  1.diet n.日常飲食 vi. 節(jié)食       a diet of sth. 多得令人生厭的事物

  be/go on a diet      put sb. on a diet用規(guī)定的食譜,控制飲食

  [即學(xué)即練1] (1)___________________________ is not good for you

  .太油膩的食物對你不利。

  (2)The doctors all suggest I _______________________ .醫(yī)生們都建議我節(jié)食。

  Too    rich      a      diet             go   on   a    diet

  比較:diet 既可指習(xí)慣上常用的食品,又可指規(guī)定的食物,特指維持健康的定質(zhì)定量的食物;food是“食物”的一般用語,指任何能吃的且有營養(yǎng)的東西。

  2.balance vt.&vi.&n.平衡     balance the good and evil of things

  balanced adj. 平穩(wěn)的,安定的,和諧的   in the balance 懸而未決

  the balance of forces 力量對比           out of balance 失去平衡

  keep one's balance 保持平衡,保持鎮(zhèn)靜   lose one's balance 失去平衡,失去鎮(zhèn)靜

  throw sb. off the balance 使某人失去平衡,使某人慌亂

  權(quán)衡事物的好壞兩方面

  [即學(xué)即練2](1)We must ______________ the good and evil of things.

  我們必須權(quán)衡事物的好壞兩個方面。

  (2)The acrobat __________________ on the high rope.

  雜技演員在高處的繩子上使自己保持平衡。

  (3)It is difficult to __________________________ on an icy pavement.

  人行道上結(jié)了冰,要想不摔倒可不容易。

  (4)How long can you _______________ on one foot?你能單腳站立多久?

  Balance   balanced    himself    keep   one’s     balance   balance

  3.lie n.謊話;謊言 vt.&vi.說謊;躺,處于(某位置)

  tell a lie/lies 說謊?[反]tell the truth 說實話

  a white lie 善意的謊言      a big lie 彌天大謊    There lies... 某地有……

  lie to sb.向某人撒謊        lie in 在于;處于

  lie down 躺下;屈服       lie on one's side/back/stomach 側(cè)臥/仰臥/俯臥

  提示:易混詞形變化:

  lie撒謊→lied→lied        躺→lay→lain→lying     lay 放;產(chǎn)卵→laid→laid→laying

  [即學(xué)即練3](1)The boy must be a spy and was __________________.

  這男孩子一定是個間諜且在說謊。

  (2)You are ______ and lies cannot cover up facts.你在說謊,但謊言掩蓋不了事實。

  (3)He was ______ in the shade of the tree.他正躺在樹蔭下。

  (4)The factory ____________ the west of the town. 工廠在鎮(zhèn)的西邊。

  telling   a    lie    lying      lying      lies to

  (5)Don't ______ your coat on the bed.不要把你的外衣放在床上。

  (6)Birds, fishes, and insects ____________________.鳥下蛋,魚和昆蟲產(chǎn)卵。

  Lay   lay eggs

  4.consult vt.&vi. 向……咨詢;查閱

  consultant n.會診醫(yī)生;顧問   consulting adj. 咨詢的;顧問的

  consult sb. about sth. 向某人請教某事   consult a book (a dictionary )查書(字典)

  consult with sb. 同某人商量          a consulting engineer 顧問工程師

  [即學(xué)即練4](1)You'd better ______ a doctor ______ your illness.

  你最好找醫(yī)生咨詢一下你的病情。

  (2)Before a decision has been made, you'd better __________________.

  在作決定之前,最好找你父親商量一下。

  (3)When you take a geography exam, you may __________________.

  參加地理考試時,你可以查閱地圖。

  (4)He is ________________________ his advisor.他正同他的顧問磋商事情。

  Consult   about   consult your father    consult a map   consulting with

  5.limit n.界限;限度 v.限制;限定

  limited adj. 有限的          limitation n. 限制;限制條件,不足之處

  go beyond/over the limit 超過限度           within limits 在一定范圍內(nèi);有限度的

  within the limits of 在……的范圍內(nèi)          without limit 無限(制)地

  set a limit to sth. 對……規(guī)定限度            be limited to sth. 受限制于……

  limit sth. to sth. 把……限定在……的范圍內(nèi)

  [即學(xué)即練5](1)I've ____________________ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.

  我試著減肥,限定自己每天攝入1 000卡的熱量。

  (2)A wise man knows his own ______________.人貴有自知之明。

  (3)As we all know, a person's life is ______, but knowledge is _________________.

 。紸s we all know, there is ____________________ a person's life but ____________________ knowledge.

  我們都知道,人的生命是有限的,而知識卻是無限的。

  limited  myself  to   limitations  limited  unlimited

  a  limit   to    no  limit   to

  6.benefit n.利益,實惠;優(yōu)越性

  vt.&vi.得益;使……受益   benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益

  benefit from/by sth.    receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事

  be of great/much benefit to sb.=be very beneficial to sb. 對某人有好處

  for the benefit of...為了幫助……;為了……的利益

  [即學(xué)即練6](1)The new hospital will ________the entire community.

  這所新醫(yī)院將使整個社區(qū)受益。

  (2)I __________ much ______ my father's advice.我從父親的建議中獲益頗多。

  (3)Moderate exercise will be _______________________ you.適度運動對你有很多益處。

  (4)She went there _______________________________ her health.

  她為了健康而去了那里。

  Benefit  benefited  from   of   much   benefit     to   for   the    benefit    of

  7.combine vt. & vi. (使)聯(lián)合;(使)結(jié)合      in combination with 與……聯(lián)合起來

  combination n. 結(jié)合;聯(lián)合;化合(物)   combine into... 聯(lián)合成……

  combine...with... 把……與……結(jié)合起來  a combination of... 一種……的結(jié)合(物)

  [即學(xué)即練7](1)Some films _________ education ______ recreation.

  有些電影把教育與娛樂結(jié)合起來。

  (2)The two small shops _________ to make a large one.

  這兩個小店合并起來成為了一個大商店。

  (3)Pink is ________________________ red and white.粉紅色是紅色與白色的混合色。

  Combine    with         Combined         a    combination    of

  8.get away with 被放過;(做壞事)不受懲罰

  get rid of 擺脫;除去                   get about 走動;旅行;(消息等)傳開來

  get across (使)被理解;(把……)講清楚     get down to doing sth. 開始認(rèn)真地做某事

  get on/along well with... 與……相處得好;進(jìn)展得好

  get away from 逃脫;離開              get down (從……)下來;寫下;使沮喪

  get in 收獲;插話                             get in touch with 與……取得聯(lián)系

  get into the habit of 染上……的習(xí)慣               get into trouble 陷入困境

  get out (of...) (使)出去;離開;逃脫;擺脫

  get over 爬過(墻等);克服(困難等);從……中恢復(fù)過來

  get through 辦完;花完(錢、時間等);(使)通過;接通電話

  [即學(xué)即練8](1)I won't have you _______________________ cheating in the exam.

  我不能容忍你考試作弊而不受懲罰。

  (2)He was so lucky to __________________________ only a fine for such a serious mistake.

  他犯了如此嚴(yán)重的錯誤,僥幸只被罰款了事。

  (3)How can I _________________________________ the flies in the kitchen?

  我怎樣才能把廚房里的蒼蠅消滅掉?

  (4)He's not very good at __________ his ideas _________.

  他不太善于清楚地表達(dá)自己的思想。

  getting   away   with       get   away       with

  get   rid    of             getting     across

  9.in debt負(fù)債         get/run into debt陷入債務(wù)

  be in heavy debt負(fù)債累累                be in debt to sb.欠某人債

  pay off all the debts還清債務(wù)(動作)        be out of debt不欠債(狀態(tài))

  [即學(xué)即練9](1)In my opinion, the elegant woman with long hair can’t have been _______________________.在我看來,那位優(yōu)雅的長發(fā)女士不可能負(fù)債累累。

  (2)Being __________________________ makes Tom a light mood

  還清了債務(wù)使得湯姆心情輕松。

  (3)The couple worked hard day and night in order to ____________________________________________.

  為了還清所有的債務(wù),這對夫婦夜以繼日地拼命干活。

  in    heavy      debt            out     of       debt

  pay       off         all         their         debts

  10.cut down 砍倒,使倒下;削減,壓縮;減價

  [即學(xué)即練10](1)He used to _______________ trees, but he plants trees now.

  他過去砍樹,而現(xiàn)在植樹。

  (2)I have to __________________________.我得少抽煙。

  (3)AIDS __________________________ at an early age.艾滋病較早地奪去了他的生命。

  (4)He was asking $100 for the vase, but I ____________________________________ $75.

  這個花瓶要價100美元,但我砍到了75美元。

  cut    down              cut   down    smoking

  cut  him   down          cut   him    down    to

  拓展:cut across走捷徑,穿過去         cut in插話;讓某人分享利潤              cut off中止,切斷;隔絕                 cut out刪除;裁剪

  cut up劈碎,切碎;使難過;(嚴(yán)重地)割傷

  cut short突然停止,中斷(活動)           cut through穿過;克服;避開;剪斷

 、.重點句型詳解

  1.Nothing could be better... 再沒有比這更好的了……

  此句中形容詞(或副詞)的比較級 better與否定詞 nothing連用,表達(dá)最高級的含義。常用的否定詞有 no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等與比較級連用,表示最高級的含義。

 、買 think nothing is more pleasant than travelling.我想沒有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。

 、贜obody loves money better than he.沒人比他更貪財。

 、—Did you sleep well last night? 你昨晚睡得怎樣?

  —Never better, like a rock. 從來沒這么好過,像塊石頭。

  拓展:下列結(jié)構(gòu)也可表示最高級的含義:

  (1)否定詞+so+adj./adv.(原級)such+adj.(原級)+n.

  (2)adj./adv.(比較級)+than+any other+n. (單數(shù))       any of the other+n. (復(fù)數(shù))

  ①You haven't done such a foolish thing!

  你從沒有做過這么傻的事!(這是你做過的最傻的事。)

 、贐ill runs faster than any other boy  any of the other boys in his class.

  在班里比爾跑得比別的男孩快。

  [即境活用1] (1)(2008·海南東方模擬)—Did you listen to Mr Jackson's lecture?

  —Yes, I have never heard a ______ one.

  A.more exciting   B.more excited  C.most exciting      D.most excited

  解析:考查否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級意義,即 never...a more exciting one。

  答案:A

  (2)(2009·河北唐山期末)—Who is your favourite basketball player in China?

  —Yao Ming, of course. No one plays ______.

  A.better     B.best    C.good  D.well

  解析:No one plays better. 意為“沒有人(比他)打得更好”。 答案:A

  2.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他不可能讓詠慧哄騙人們后跑掉!

  have sb. doing 在此表示“允許或容忍(某事物)發(fā)生”。此處的 have常用在否定句中,特別是用在 will not, cannot 等之后。

  歸納:(1)have sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”,不定式做賓補省略 to,但其被動式(sb. be made to do sth.)不能省略 to。含此種“使得”意義的其他動詞還有 make, let, lead, drive等,如: No one can have Tom do this. 沒人能使湯姆做這件事。

  (2)have sth. done 包含兩層意思:一種是“請別人做某事”;另一種為“承擔(dān)外界或別人做某事的后果”。

  (3)have sb. (sth.) doing 有兩層含義:一種是“使……處于某種狀態(tài)或作出某種反應(yīng)”;另一種是“允許、聽任某種事情發(fā)生”,這種用法一般用于否定句中。

  (4)have sth. to do 意為“有某事要做”,have 意為“有,擁有”。不定式 to do是賓語 sth.的定語,句子的主語是不定式動作的執(zhí)行者。如果是 to be done做定語時,說明該不定式是由別人發(fā)出的。

 、買t is rude of you to speak to Father like that and I won't have you speaking to Father like that in future.

  那樣跟父親說話很粗魯,今后我不會再容忍你那樣跟父親說話。

 、贖e had his audience listening attentively.他吸引住了聽眾的注意力。

 、跱o one can have me leave the office.沒有人能使我離開辦公室。

 、躍he had her bag stolen.她的包被偷了。

  ⑤I have some letters to type.我有些信要打。(“我”自己動手打)

  ⑥I have some letters to be typed.我有幾封信需要打。(需要找別人打)

  [即境活用2] (1)We can't have people ______ late all the time.

  A.a(chǎn)rrive      B.to arrive   C.a(chǎn)rriving      D.a(chǎn)rrived

  解析:用于否定句中 can't have sb. doing 意為“不能允許……”。答案:C

  (2)Is this TV set ______ you wish to have ______?

  A.the one; repaired          B.which; it repaired

  C.the one; it repaired          D.which; repaired

  解析:第一空填 the one做先行詞,其后為省略 which的定語從句,且 which在從句中做 have的賓語,故選A。

  (3)—Mr Smith, do you have something ______ at this moment?

  —No, thanks. I'll call you if any.

  A.to be typed   B.to type       C.typed      D.typing答案:A

  解析:考查 have something to be done結(jié)構(gòu),因為不定式的主語不是句子主語 you。

  3.Why_don't_you sit down and try a meal? 你為什么不坐下來吃頓飯呢?

  Why don't you...?=Why not do...?為什么不……?(表示建議)

 、賅hy don't you have a try once again?=Why not have a try once again?

  為什么不再試一下呢?

 、赪hy don't you call him right now?=Why not call him right now?

  為什么不立刻給他打個電話?

  拓展:向別人提建議也可以用:

  (1)had better do... 最好做……   (2)Let's do..., shall we? 讓我們做……,好嗎?

  (3)I advise you (not) to do... 我勸你(別)做……

  (4)I suggest that you (not) do...  我建議你(別)做……

  (5)Can't we do...? 難道我們不可以做……嗎?

  (6)What/How about doing...? 做……怎么樣?

  (7)Will you please do...? 請你做……好嗎?

  (8)Would you like/love to do...? 你愿意做……嗎?

  (9)I wonder if you should do... 我想知道你是不是應(yīng)該做……

  (10)Shall we do...? 我們做……好嗎?

  [即境活用3] —It's a long time since I saw my sister.

  —______ her this weekend?

  A.Why not visit   B.Why not to visit    C.Why not visiting      D.Why don't visit

  解析:Why not do...?=Why don't you do...? 意為:“為什么不……呢?”用于提出建議。

  答案:A

  易 錯 點 撥    自我完善·誤區(qū)備考

  1. strength/force/energy/power

  (1)strength 指固有的潛力。說人時,指“力氣”;說物時,指“強度”。也可指“強項,長處”。

  (2)force 主要指自然界的力量,暴力,勢力以及法律、道德或感情的力量,軍事的力量

  (3)energy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。

  (4)power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能;也可指人或機器等事物潛在的或所能發(fā)揮出來的力量;還可指職權(quán)、權(quán)力或政權(quán)。

  [應(yīng)用1] 用 energy/power/force和 strength 填空。

  (1)Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of __________.

  (2)The party came to __________ at the last election.

  (3)Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by ___________.

  (4)Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ___________.

  Energy  power  force  strength

  2. join/combine/unite/connect

  (1)join 側(cè)重把原來不相連接的事物緊密地連接在一起,但仍可再分開。也指把分散的人或幾個部分的人聯(lián)合起來,或加入到某團(tuán)體中去。短語:join up聯(lián)合起來;join...to/and...連接。

  (2)combine 指兩個或兩個以上的人或物結(jié)合在一起。短語: combine with 與……結(jié)合。

  (3)unite 指聯(lián)合、團(tuán)結(jié)、結(jié)合在一起,構(gòu)成一個整體。

  (4)connect 指兩事物在某一點上相連接,但彼此又保持獨立。短語:connect...to/with 與……相連;be connected with與……有關(guān)系。

  [應(yīng)用2] 用 join, combine, unite, connect的恰當(dāng)形式填空。

  (1)__________, we'll stand; divided, we'll die.

  (2)Efforts and confidence _________ to make a full man.

  (3)This path __________ the highway up ahead.

  (4)This railway ____________ London and Edinburgh.

  United  combine  joins  connects

  3. glare/glance/stare/gaze/glimpse

  (1)glare側(cè)重含有敵對情緒的“怒視”。(2)glance指快速地“一掃”“一瞥”。

  (3)stare指睜大眼睛出神地看或注視,凝視,多出于驚訝、好奇、羨慕等,有時是粗魯無禮的。(4)gaze多指由于喜愛、憧憬或快樂而長時間無意識地注視。

  (5)glimpse無意識地一瞥,看到粗略印象,強調(diào)結(jié)果。

  [應(yīng)用3] (1)The policeman ____________ the thief as he drove past.

  (2)They ___________ at each other for a long time, after the quarrel.

  (3)It’s impolite to ___________ at foreign guests in the street.

  (4)He __________ at her and left hurriedly.

  (5)The girl likes lying on her back and __________ at the stars above.

  Glimpsed  glared  stare  glanced  gazing

  高 效 作 業(yè)    自我測評·技能備考

  Ⅱ .單項選擇

  1.(2010·山東濰坊質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)—Why do you eat all the vegetables but leave ______ meat untouched?

  —I'm on ______ diet.

  A.a(chǎn); the        B.the; /        C./; a        D.the; a

  解析:考查冠詞。——你為什么吃了所有的蔬菜而不動肉呢?——我在節(jié)食。第一空特指雙方都知道的“meat”,故用the;第二空on a diet“節(jié)食”,是固定搭配。答案:D

  2.To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their ______ and weaknesses.

  A.strengths   B.benefits  C.techniques      D.values

  解析:考查名詞辨析。由題意知 weakness 的反義詞是 strength,指“強項”。 答案:A

  3.(2010·福建六校三聯(lián))Even if the treatment ______, there's still no magic pill for patients in the late stage of AIDS.

  A.does      B.uses   C.works  D.helps

  解析:考查動詞辨析。work“起作用,生效”,符合語意:盡管治療起作用了,對于晚期的艾滋病患者來說還是沒有什么特效藥。答案:C

  4.Once you have decided to buy an expensive article, you had better______an expert on it.

  A.a(chǎn)sk      B.a(chǎn)dvise     C.consult      D.find

  解析:句意為“一旦你決定買件貴重物品,你最好找這方面的專家咨詢一下”。consult sb. 意為“向某人請教”。其他選項不符合語境。答案:C

  5.A large sum of money has been raised for the ______of the poorly-educated children in the mountainous districts.

  A.profit      B.favor   C.a(chǎn)dvantage      D.benefit

  解析:for the benefit of...“為了……的利益/好處”,是固定搭配。答案:D

  6.You'd better ______ your expenses on clothes.

  A.cut up      B.cut down   C.cut off      D.cut out

  解析:表示“削減花費/開銷”,用 cut down。答案:B

  7.A harmonious society is like a symphony orchestra-each person contributes a small sound, but when ______ with other sounds, it becomes beautiful music.

  A.combining   B.being combined    C.combined  D.to be combined

  解析:考查非謂語動詞。當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句中的主語一致且謂語中含有be動詞時,可以省略狀語從句中的主語和be動詞,本句完整形式應(yīng)為when it is combined...。

  答案:C

  8.The child should be punished. You shouldn’t let him ______ telling lies.

  A.keep away from      B.keep away with

  C.get away from      D.get away with

  解析:考查動詞短語。句意為:這個孩子應(yīng)該受到懲罰。你不應(yīng)該讓他逃脫撒謊受到的處罰。get away with “僥幸成功,逃脫處罰”;get away from “逃離”;keep away from “遠(yuǎn)離”。 答案:D

  9.You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it ______ often enough.

  A.explaining  B.to explain C.explain      D.explained

  解析:本題中it指代the traffic rule,它與explain構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系,因此用過去分詞做賓補。have sth. done讓別人做某事。答案:D

  10.What an unforgettable experience! I’ll write it down ______ it is still fresh in my memory.

  A.since      B.while    C.a(chǎn)fter      D.until

  解析:句意:多么令人難忘的經(jīng)歷!趁記憶猶新,我要把它寫下來。while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。答案:B

  11.There was an oil painting ______ in the corner. It ______ there for several days.

  A.laying; had laid      B.lain; had laid

  C.lying; had lain      D.laid; had been lain

  解析:第一空填 lying表示“正處于某狀態(tài)”;第二空填 had lain表示“已經(jīng)處于該位置好幾天答案:C

  12.If you just spend time ______ advantages and disadvantages, you may get nothing in the end.

  A.matching  B.balancing      C.observing  D.examining

  解析:balance advantages and disadvantages 意為“權(quán)衡利弊”。 答案:B

  13.—The weather isn't good enough for an outing, isn't it?

  —Not in the least. We can't have ______ at this time of the year.

  A.a(chǎn) worse day  B.a(chǎn) nicer day      C.such bad a day  D.so fine a day

  解析:not in the least 相當(dāng)于 not at all, 意為“根本不”。此題考查比較級的否定形式表達(dá)最高級的含義。B、D兩項與題意不符;C項結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤。答案:A

  14.—Lucy doesn't mind lending you her dictionary.

  —She ______. I've already borrowed one.

  A.can't      B.mustn't          C.needn't      D.shouldn't

  解析:句意為:“Lucy不介意把詞典借給你。”“她不必了。我已經(jīng)借了一本了。”本題測試情態(tài)動詞的用法。 needn't 不必(不需要);can't 不能(不許);mustn't 不行(禁止);shouldn't 不該(責(zé)備) 答案:C。

  15.—Why don't we hold a party to celebrate the achievements gained by our Olympic players?

  —______

  A.Because we haven't got enough preparations.

  B.Good idea!    C.It's all because of the terrible weather.

  D.Not all would like to attend it.

  解析:Why don't...?“為什么不……?”用于提出建議,故回答B(yǎng)項“好主意”。 答案:B

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