125個易混淆的成人學位英語詞匯詳解(7)
2009-03-12 16:53:41網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源
91. equal, equivalent, identical, same
皆含相同,相等之意。
equal相同的,相等的,特指“數(shù)量,價值等”相同。如:Their ages are equal.
equivalent相等的,特指“價值,效力,意義”等相同的。如:This sentence is equivalent to that.
identical相同的,相等的,側(cè)重于某一細節(jié)上完全相同。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasions.
identical相同的,相等的,側(cè)重于某一細節(jié)上完全相同。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasion.(她在兩種場合穿同樣的衣服。)
same相同的,表示在質(zhì)量、類型、外表或意義上相同,而實際上有差異。如:He is of about the same age as you.
92. imaginable, imaginary, imaginative
都是與想象有關(guān)的形容詞。
imaginable可以想象得到的。如:This is the only solution imaginable.(這是惟一想得出的解決辦法。)
imaginary假想的,虛構(gòu)的。如:an imaginary character in a story(故事里的虛構(gòu)人物)
imaginative富于想象力力的。如:an imaginative artist(想像力豐定的藝術(shù)家)
93. indifferent, different
indifferent冷漠的,不關(guān)心的,同to搭配。如:He was indifferent to his personal appearance.(他從前不注意自己的外表。)
different跟……不一樣,同from搭配。如:This book is different from that one.(這本書跟那本不一樣。)
94. industrial, industrious
industrial工業(yè)的,產(chǎn)業(yè)的。如:Italy is becoming an industrial nation.(意大利逐步成為工業(yè)國。)
industrious勤勞的,勤奮的。如:He is an industrious student.(他是個用功的學生。)
95. influence, effect
都有“影響”之意。
influence可作動詞、名詞,指對某人的思想行為、性格等產(chǎn)生影響。如:She was influenced by her middle school teachers.(她受中學時的老師影響。)
effect用作動詞意為“造成”,“產(chǎn)生”,用作名詞強調(diào)由于影響而產(chǎn)生特殊效果。如:The effects of the medicine are very good.(藥效很好。)
96. intention, idea, purpose
intention主要指個人心里產(chǎn)生的做某事欲望或得到某物的想法,常見的搭配是have the intention of doing something.
Idea指“意見”,“見解”。
Purpose意為“目的”,著重于實現(xiàn)目的的決心和待付出的努力。如:For what purpose do you learn English?(你學英文的目的是什么?)
97. last, latest, final, ultimate
last最后的,與first相對,還可指“上一次的”。如:My seat is in the last row.
latest最近的,指時間上。如:the latest news(最新消息)
final最后的,指在一系列的事物中是最后的,而且是結(jié)論性的,決定性的。如:The judgment has become final.(這已是最后的判斷。)
ultimate 最終的,最后的,用于正式場合,含有最高的和最有權(quán)威的結(jié)果。如:He never considered the ultimate result of his action.(他從未考慮其行為的后果。)
98. lay, lie
lay放,擱。如:Lay the book on the desk.(把書放在桌上。)
lie(躺)的過去式和過去分詞分別為lay, lain; lie(說謊)的過去式和過去分詞為lied, lied; lay作動詞時的過去式和過去分詞是laid, laid。
99. literal, literary, literate
literal文字上的,字面的。如:a literal interpretation of a passage(對一段文章的字面解釋)
literary文學的。如:literary works(文學作品)
literary有文化的(反義詞是illiterate),如:people applying for the job should be computer literate.(申請這份工作的人應(yīng)會使用電腦。)
100.manufacture, make, produce
manufacture制造,加工,較正式,通常表示把原料經(jīng)過一定程度制成產(chǎn)品,多指使用機器大批生產(chǎn)。如:This textile factory manufactures cloth of good quality.(這家紡織廠生產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)布料。)
make做,制造,最常用詞,使用較廣泛。如:She can make cakes.
Produce生產(chǎn),制造,著重產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量。如:The chemical works produced 5,000 tons of chemical fertilizer last year.(這家化工廠去年生產(chǎn)了5000噸化肥。)
101.much, very
都可表示“很”。
much用來修飾動詞意義很強的過去分詞;very一般修飾形容詞或已失去動作意義的過去分詞。
一些只作表語的形容詞,一般多用much修飾。
very much是much的加強語,因此,能用much的地方,都能用very much。
修飾形容詞原級用very,修飾比較級用much。
much可修飾名詞,very不能。
102.neglect, overlook, ignore
neglect可以是有意,也可以是無意地“忽略”或“忽視”應(yīng)該做的事。如:If others neglect their duty to you, be sure that you perform yours to them. (即使他人忽略了履行對你的義務(wù),你也要履行你對他們的義務(wù)。)
overlook指由于粗心大意,匆忙而“看漏”或“忽略”某東西或某事實。如:His services have been overlooked by his employers.(他的工作一直沒有得到雇主的重視。)
ignore不顧,不理,常指有意地不理,不加分析地拒絕考慮。如:She saw him coming but she ignored him.
103.happen, occur, take place
均表示“發(fā)生”。
happen是常用詞,指偶然或按計劃的發(fā)生。如:When did the explosion happen?(爆炸什么時候發(fā)生?)
occur是較正式的用詞,主要用以指無計劃的發(fā)生。
take place多表示情況或事情按計劃發(fā)生。如:The story took place in 1917.(故事發(fā)生在1917年。)
104.chance, opportunity, occasion
chance多指偶然的機會,意外的機會,帶有僥幸的意味。如:Even so, it was a lucky chance that he could do it.(即使如此,那也是他憑著僥幸才做到這點。)
opportunity主要指能夠去做某事,尤其是達到自己目的,實現(xiàn)某種愿望的好機會。如:You should make the most of your opportunities of seeing the country and learning the language.(你應(yīng)該盡量利用你的機會去看看這個國家,學習它的語言。)
occasion主要指“時機”,“場合”,也含有“機會”的意思。如:The flags are hung out on the occasion of the National Day.(每逢國慶節(jié),國旗都懸持出來了。)
105.persist, insist
persist堅持,后面常接介詞in。如:He persisted in carrying on his work in spite of great fatigue.(他雖然疲倦極了,可仍堅持工作。)
insist堅持,后面接介詞on,也可直接連用that引導的名詞從句。如:He insisted on my going there with him. (He insisted that I should go there with him.)