高中英語閱讀理解專講專練[九]

    整體理解

    我們常遇到這樣的情況：句子都能看懂，但讀完文章印象卻不深。這就牽涉到對(duì)文章的整體理解。首先，我們要重視文章的題目和首句。文章的題目是文章的主題，文章的內(nèi)容就是圍繞這一主題展開的；而首句是文章的導(dǎo)入，點(diǎn)明作者寫作意圖或?qū)懽鞅尘�。文章的每個(gè)段落的首句和尾句也是整體理解的關(guān)鍵，首句是開篇明義，而尾句常常是畫龍點(diǎn)睛。

    因此，我們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)要養(yǎng)成這樣一個(gè)習(xí)慣：見了文章的題目，要停頓一下，想一想這篇文章大概寫的什么。閱讀時(shí)，要特別注意每段的第一句與最后一句，并用心記住。讀完全文后要將全文的主要內(nèi)容快速回憶一下，這樣既把握了文章的主要內(nèi)容和框架結(jié)構(gòu)，又學(xué)會(huì)了作者的邏輯推理的方法，從而更好地理解這篇文章。

    Passage A

    閱讀理解

    On October 12, 1989, some British scientists were working at the computers to look for the information they needed. Suddenly they saw a lot of very bright points crossing the computers? screens. At the same time the computers were working much slower. To find out what was happening they stopped their work to check some parts of the computers. To their horror (恐怖), they found out that most of their stored information was got rid of by computer viruses (病毒) ! Clearly all these computers had been infected (感染) by computer viruses.

    It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young men fond of playing tricks. ① They all had excellent education. They created the viruses just to show their intelligence (才能) . These kinds of computer viruses are named Jerusalem Viruses. These viruses can stay in computers for a long time. When the time comes they will attack (襲擊) the computers by lowering the functions (功能) , damaging their normal programs or even getting rid of all the information. ②

    We now come to know that Jerusalem Viruses often attack computers on Friday and that they are spreading (傳播) to a lot of computers. Among the countries that were attacked by computer viruses last year are Britain, Australia, Switzerland and the U.S. But till now, how to get rid of the terrible viruses remains a problem.

    根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

    1. When the viruses attack the computers, the computers will work____ .

    A. normallyB. slowly

    C. faster D. well

    2. The group of young men created the viruses to ____ .

    A. damage the computers

    B. test their ability

    C. tell people that they were intelligent

    D. play a trick on users of the computers

    3. According to the passage, computer viruses seem to ____.

    A. have been in nature for years

    B. stay in any computers

    C. be difficult to get rid of at present

    D. be able to be got rid of in the near future

    4. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

    A. Last year four countries found their computer were infected by viruses.

    B. The viruses will come to a new computer after staying in the old one for some time.

    C. Scientists are trying to find a way to get rid of the viruses.

    D. The Jerusalem Viruses are dangerous to human health.

    難句注釋

    ① It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young men fond of playing tricks.據(jù)說計(jì)算機(jī)病毒是由一群喜歡搞惡作劇的年輕人制造出來的。

    Total words:239

    Reading time:____

    Reading speed: ____

    ② When the time comes they will attack the computers by lowering the functions, damaging their normal programs or even getting rid of all the information. 當(dāng)時(shí)機(jī)到來時(shí)，它們就會(huì)通過減弱計(jì)算機(jī)的功能、破壞它們的程序甚至刪除所有的信息來攻擊計(jì)算機(jī)。

    Passage B

    閱讀理解

    Mr Jackson lived in the centre of London but he had a hotel near the airport. There a lot of foreigners stayed for night. He didn't know any other language but English and he found it difficult for him to understand the foreign visitors. ① Sometimes he had to use the body language to “talk” with them, and tried his best to make himself understood. But he was often misunderstood (誤解) and it brought him a lot of trouble. A friend of his who learned a few foreign languages in a university would teach him. He was happy and studied hard. At first he learned some, but soon he found it wasn't easy to remember the words and expressions. His friend advised him to write down the useful expressions in his notebook so that he could use them when necessary. ② He did as he was told. He found it helpful for him to do so.

    One evening there were plenty of people in the dining?room. They were all busy eating something except a Japanese. He was walking around there and waiting for his wife who was dressing herself up upstairs. Mr Jackson thought to himself, “The man wants to eat something but he doesn?t know any English. Let me help him.”

    As he knew only a little Japanese, he had to bring out his notebook and showed it to the man, pointing to the sentence “I?m hungry”.

    The Japanese had a look at it and gave him two pounds and left.

    根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

    1. Mr Jackson knew only English because____ .

    A. he was an English student

    B. he had never been abroad

    C. he couldn't learn by himself

    D. he hadn't studied any foreign languages

    2. As not all foreigners understood his gestures, sometimes Mr Jackson ____ to communicate with them.

    A. succeededB. feared

    C. failedD. gave up

    3. The Japanese thought ____ , so he gave him two pounds.

    A. Mr Jackson was a beggar (乞丐)

    B. Mr Jackson was a translator

    C. Mr Jackson could help him

    D. Mr Jackson could ring his wife up

    難句注釋

    ① He didn't know any other language but English and he found it difficult for him to understand the foreign visitors.

    他除了英語其他什么語言都不懂，而且他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很難聽懂外國游客說些什么。

    Total words:250

    Reading time:____

    Reading speed: ____

    ② His friend advised him to write down the useful expressions in his notebook so that he could use them when necessary.

    他的朋友建議他把有用的表達(dá)方式記在筆記本上，以便在必要的時(shí)候可以運(yùn)用。

    Passage C

    閱讀理解

    Comera is the only place in the world which has a whistle (口哨) language.① We do not know how and why it began because we do not know the complete history of the island. But we can certainly imagine the reasons for the beginning of the whistle language. There are many deep valleys (峽谷) on the island. A person on one side of a valley can not easily shout to a person on the other side. But he can whistle and be heard. Some of the best whistlers can be heard from four miles away and the record is seven miles. The people who live on the island usually have good teeth, and this helps them to whistle well. They must also have good ears so that they can hear other whistlers.

    We can understand why the whistle language continues. It is very useful on the island, and quite easy to learn. When somebody is hurt or ill, the whistle language takes the place of telephone. If the sick person is quite far away from the town, people pass the message from one to another. A boy guarding cattle (放牛) on a hillside whistles to a man fishing from his boat. The last one is able to describe the trouble fully and exactly to the doctor in town. People help one another in the same way when a car breaks or a cow is lost.

    The whistle language is hundreds of years old, and probably it will continue to live on for hundreds of years more. Radio and TV often kill the special ways of speaking in the different parts of a country.② But on Comera you are nobody if you cannot whistle. Perhaps soon after TV arrives on the island, the people there will be whistling the news and other facts and opinions.

    根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

    1. If a person on Comera island is ill, ____.

    A. others will phone the doctors in town

    B. the whistle language will help pass the message to the doctor

    C. his family will take him to the hospital

    D. people will take him to town by carriage

    2. From this passage we know radio and TV ____ at that time.

    A. killed the special way of speaking

    B. whistled all the news and opinions

    C. helped Comera people to communicate

    D. did not appear on Comera island yet

    3. Comera island is special in that____ .

    A. many visitors go there every year

    B. no visitors have ever been there

    C. people there have special ears to hear whistles

    D. people there use the whistle language to communicate with each other

    4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

    A. It is not easy for a person to live on Comera island if he cannot whistle.

    B. The whistle language can only be found in Comera.

    C. The whistle language has been used for hundreds of years on the island, but will not be used any longer.

    D. The record shows that one best whistler can be heard by others seven miles away.

    難句注釋

    ① Comera is the only place in the world which has a whistle language.

    Comera是世界上惟一使用口哨語言的地方。

    Total words:313

    Reading time:____

    Reading speed: ____

    ② Radio and TV often kill the special ways of speaking in the different parts of a country.

    收音機(jī)和電視機(jī)的使用常常會(huì)使一個(gè)國家的不同地區(qū)的特殊講話方式徹底消失。

    Passage D

    完形填空

    A well?dressed man entered a famous jewelry (珠寶) shop one day. He 1 to buy a pearl (珍珠) for his wife?s birthday. The 2 didn't matter, since business had been good for him that year.①

    After 3 a number of beautiful and expensive pearls, he chose 4 black one. It would 5 5,000 dollars. He paid, took the black pearl, shook hands with the salesman and left.

    A few days later, the man 6 and said that his wife liked the pearl so much that she wanted another one just like this. It 7 be exactly the same size and quality (質(zhì)量), 8 she wanted to have a 9 of earrings.

    The salesman seemed 10 . Then the man suggested that the salesman advertise (登廣告) in the newspaper to 11 S｜25,000 for such a pearl.② So the salesman did.

    Many people 12 the advertisement (廣告), but nobody 13 a pearl which was just the right size and quality. Just when the jeweler had given up, a little old lady came into his 14 . She took out one such black pearl 15 her purse.

    “I don't like to 16 with the pearl,” she said sadly. “It was given to me by my mother, who had received it from her 17 mother. But I really need the 18.”

    The salesman was very glad and quickly paid her for the pearl. Then he called the 19 to tell him the good news. However, the man could never be 20 . Clever readers, can you guess why?

    根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案：

    1. A. reportedB. saidC. wishedD. knew

    2. A. color B. design C. price D. size

    3. A. examining B. checking C. testing D. watching

    4. A. a big B. a good

    C. an expensive D. an unusual

    5. A. cost B. pay C. worth D. buy

    6. A. arrived B. came C. returned D. stopped

    7. A. could B. might C. should D. had to

    8. A. as B. if C. though D. when

    9. A. box B. lot C. number D. pair

    10. A. jobless B. homeless

    C. helpless D. careless

    11. A. ask B. give C. offer D. pay

    12. A. answered B. liked C. read D. saw

    13. A. bought B. had C. sold D. wanted

    14. A. room B. house C. office D. shop

    15. A. from B. of C. off D. with

    16. A. deal B. go C. part D. talk

    17. A. dear B. poor C. old D. own

    18. A. price B. money C. pound D. interest

    19. A. old lady?s office B. rich man?s hotel

    C. his neighbor?s house D. television station

    20. A. found B. bought C. paid D. heard

    難句注釋

    ① The price didn?t matter, since business had been good for him that year.

    因?yàn)槟悄晁�生意做得很好，所以價(jià)格對(duì)他來說不成問題。

    ② Then the man suggested that the salesman advertise in the newspaper to offer S｜25,000 for such a pearl.

    然后那個(gè)人建議珠寶商在報(bào)紙上登一則廣告，說提供25000 美元買這樣的一顆珍珠。

    Passage A

    從一九八三年計(jì)算機(jī)病毒首次被確認(rèn)以來，至今全世界已發(fā)現(xiàn)近數(shù)萬種病毒。本文介紹了一種被稱為Jerusalem Viruses的計(jì)算機(jī)病毒的產(chǎn)生背景、發(fā)作時(shí)間及其后果。

    1. B. 感染病毒的計(jì)算機(jī)速度減慢。

    2. C. 由 “just to show their intelligence” 推知。

    3. C. 本文最后一句暗示，現(xiàn)在人們還未找到消除計(jì)算機(jī)病毒的好辦法。

    4. C. 科學(xué)家們正在想辦法消除病毒。

    Passage B

    本文講述了Mr Jackson 學(xué)習(xí)使用外語的幽默故事。

    1. D. 從“He didn?t know any other language but English.”可以看出他沒學(xué)過外語。

    2. C. 根據(jù)“he was often misunderstood”可知，Mr Jackson 有時(shí)不能正確地和外國朋友交談。fail to do意為“ 不能做某事”。

    3. A. 根據(jù)文章的最后一句話可猜出這位日本人的想法。

    Passage C

    本文講述了Comera島是全世界惟一一個(gè)運(yùn)用口哨語言的地方，這種傳統(tǒng)已有幾百年并且還將繼續(xù)流傳下去。

    1. B. 由第二段可知，如果在哪個(gè)地方有人受傷或生病的話，人們會(huì)用口哨語言通知醫(yī)生。

    2. D. 由本文最后一句可知，這個(gè)地方還沒有收音機(jī)或電視機(jī)。

    3. D. Comera island之所以特殊是因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)氐娜擞每谏谡Z言來互相交流。

    4. C. 根據(jù)第三段第一句話可知C選項(xiàng)與作者觀點(diǎn)相悖。

    Passage D

    本文講述了一個(gè)人精心策劃騙局來騙錢的故事。

    1. C. 他想給妻子買生日禮物。

    2. C. 價(jià)格對(duì)他來說不成問題。

    3. A. 這里examine是“仔細(xì)看”的意思。

    4. D. 根據(jù)下文可知，這粒黑珍珠是與眾不同的，很難找到一樣的另外一粒。C選項(xiàng) “貴的”不一定與眾不同，也許很容易再找到一樣的一粒。

    5. A. 用cost或be worth來表示價(jià)格。

    6. C. 動(dòng)詞return 此處為“又回到該店”。

    7. D. 此處應(yīng)選 had to，因?yàn)閮蓚�(gè)耳環(huán)必須得一樣。

    8. A. 這里用as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語從句。

    9. D. a pair of earrings意為“一副耳環(huán)”。

    10. C. helpless 意為“無能為力”，因?yàn)閺纳舷挛闹械弥�，珍珠不同尋常，很難尋到一樣的。

    11. C. offer 意為“報(bào)價(jià)；提供”。

    12. A. answer 此處意為“應(yīng)(廣告)”。

    13. B. 沒人有與這一樣的珍珠。

    14. D. 根據(jù)文章第一句中的“jewelry shop”可得答案。

    15. A. 從錢包中取出一粒。

    16. C. part with 意為“與……分離”。

    17. D. 兩代相傳下來。

    18. B. 賣珍珠當(dāng)然是為了錢。

    19. B. 只有hotel和這個(gè)rich man有關(guān)。

    20. A. 原來是一場(chǎng)騙局。

    1. To their horror, they found out that most of their stored information was got rid of by computer viruses! 使他們驚恐的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分儲(chǔ)存的信息都被計(jì)算機(jī)病毒清除了。(Line 6, Passage A)

    to one's horror使某人感到恐怖的是。類似的短語還有：

    to one's joy 使某人高興的是 to one's surprise 使某人驚訝的是

    to one's sadness 使某人悲哀的是to one's delight 使某人高興的是

    To my surprise, she was the mother of two children.

    令我驚訝的是，她是兩個(gè)孩子的媽媽。

    To her parents? joy, she won the first prize for her composition.

    使她父母高興的是，她的作文得了一等獎(jiǎng)。

    2. Sometimes he had to use the body language to “talk” with them, and tried his best to make himself understood. 有時(shí)他不得不使用肢體語言來和他們交談，想方設(shè)法把自已的意思講明白。(Line 3, Passage B)

    make himself understood 讓人明白。使役動(dòng)詞make后接動(dòng)詞?ed形式做賓語補(bǔ)足語表示被動(dòng)意義。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有make oneself heard，make oneself seen等。如：

    He raised his voice to make himself heard. 他提高聲音以便別人能聽見。

    Mary stood on her chair to make herself seen.

    瑪麗站在椅子上以讓別人能看見她。