高考英語閱讀理解專項訓(xùn)練-地理類

　　(1)

　　Death Valley is one of the most famous deserts in the United States, covering a wide area with its alkali sand. Almost 20 percent of this area is well below sea level, and Badwater, a salt water pool, is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.

　　Long ago the Panamint Indians called this place “Tomesha”— the land of fire. Death Valley’s present name dates back to 1849, when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story. Today Death Valley has been declared a National Monument(紀(jì)念碑) and is crossed by several well-marked roads where good services can be found easily. Luckily the change created by human settlement has hardly ruined the special beauty of this place.

　　Here nature created a lot of surprising, almost like the sights on the moon, ever-changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about, showing the most unusual colors. One of the most astonishing and variable parts of Death Valley is the Devil’ s Golf Course, where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams. Sand sculptures(沙雕) stand on a frightening ground, as evening shadows move and lengthen.

　　1. _______ is the lowest place in the desert.

　　A. Tomesha     B. Death Valley

　　C. Nevada    D. Badwater

　　2. The name of the valley comes from _______.

　　A. an Indian name    B. the death of the miners

　　C. the local people    D. a National Movement

　　3. From the passage we can learn that _______.

　　A. no one had ever known the desert before the miners

　　B. it’s still not easy to travel across the desert

　　C. people can find gas-stations, cafes and hotels in the desert

　　D. people have changed the natural sight of the desert

　　4. Devil Golf Course is famous for _______.

　　A. the frequent wind   B. the colors of the sand

　　C. dream-like sights   D. the sand sculptures

　　5. From the passage we can see that the writer _______ the Death Valley.

　　A. appreciates    B. is fearful of

　　C. dislikes     D. is tired of

　　【答案解析】

　　本文介紹了美國的一個著名沙漠——“死亡谷”名稱的由來以及 “死亡谷”奇特的風(fēng)光。

　　1. D. 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) …and Badwater, a salt water pool, is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States 可推知此題答案為 D。

　　2. B. 推斷題。根據(jù) …when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story… 可知“死亡谷”的名稱來源于這些迷路礦工的死亡。

　　3. C. 推斷題。根據(jù) …well-marked roads where good services can be found easily… 可以判斷 C 為最佳答案。

　　4. C. 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) …where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams 可推知答案為 C。

　　5. A. 推斷題。根據(jù)the special beauty of this place…like the sights on the moon… ever-changing…showing the most unusual colors等關(guān)鍵詞語可以知道作者是帶著贊賞的語氣來描述“死亡谷”的。

　　(2)

　　The Erie Canal was the first important national waterway built in the US. It crossed New York from Buffalo on Lake Erie Troy to Albany on the Hudson River. It joined the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean. The canal served as a route over which industrial goods could flow into the west, and materials could pour into the east. The Erie Canal helped New York develop into the nation’s largest city.

　　The building of the canal was paid for entirely by the state of New York. It cost $ 7 143 789, but it soon gained its price many times over. Between 1825, when the canal was opened, and 1882, when toll charges(過運(yùn)河費(fèi)) were stopped, the state collected $121 461 891.

　　For a hundred years before the Erie was built, people had been talking about a canal which could join the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean. The man who planned the Erie Canal and carried the plan through was De Witt Clinton. Those who were against the canal laughingly called it “Clinton’s Ditch(溝)”. Clinton talked and wrote about the canal and drew up plans for it. He and Governor Morris went to Washington in 1812 to ask for help for the canal, but they were unsuccessful.

　　Clinton became governor of New York in 1817, and shortly afterwards, on July 4, 1817, broke ground for the canal in Rome, N.Y. The first part of the canal was completed in 1820. As the canal grew, towns along its course developed fast. The length of the canal is 363 miles.

　　1. We can see that the Erie Canal ________.

　　A. joined the Great Lakes together

　　B. crossed New York from north to south

　　C. played an important part in developing New York City

　　D. was the first waterway built in the US

　　2. It can be inferred that ________ into the Atlantic Ocean.

　　A. the Great Lakes flow　　　　　　　　B. the Hudson River flows

　　C. Lake Erie flows　　　　　　　　　　D. the Erie Canal flows

　　3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A. The Erie Canal brought profits of over $114, 000, 000.

　　B. It’s 363 miles from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.

　　C. The West was more advanced than the East when the canal was built.

　　D. Many other states helped New York built the canal.

　　4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A. Clinton broke ground for the canal at both ends.

　　B. Clinton started building the canal before he became governor.

　　C. All parts of the canal were completed at the same time.

　　D. Construction of the canal took eight years.

　　【答案解析】

　　本文介紹了Erie Canal的作用及修建過程。

　　1. C. 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第1段最后一句The Erie Canal helped New York develop into the nation’s largest city 及全段內(nèi)容，可推知此題答案為C。

　　2. B. 推斷題。根據(jù)文章第1段第2句和第3句：運(yùn)河from Buffalo on Lake Erie Troy to Albany on the Hudson River 橫跨了New York 把the Great Lakes和the Atlantic Ocean聯(lián)系起來了可推知此題答案為B。

　　3. A. 推斷題。通過比較文章第2段第2句 It cost $ 7, 143, 789 和第2段最后一句中的…the state collected $121, 461, 891可推知此題答案為A。

　　4. D. 推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第1句中的…on July 4, 1817, broke ground for the canal in Rome, N.Y. 和第2段第2句中的 Between 1825, when the canal was opened… 可推知此題答案為D。