2019年高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語冠詞學(xué)案
來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2018-10-21 22:41:58
冠詞學(xué)案
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):
1. 掌握冠詞的基礎(chǔ)用法:特指,類指,泛指, 熟記定冠詞和零冠詞的特殊用法;
2. 掌握和某些抽象名詞連用,使其具體化;
3. 理解有無冠詞意義不同的詞組;
4. 關(guān)注冠詞的靈活運用即一些固定短語,特殊句式。
◆ 冠詞在高考中的考查重點:
冠詞雖小,只有a,an和the三個,但卻是歷年各地高考必考語言點之一。就考查題型而言,以單項選擇為主,有時在完形填空和短文改錯中出現(xiàn)。
1. 〖10重慶〗Everything comes with price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.
A. a, a B. the, / C. the, a D. a, /
導(dǎo)語:選 解析:題干中的price為可數(shù)名詞意思是 "代價", 為可數(shù)名詞,其前用不定冠詞a表示泛指; 第二空前邊的no such thing 相當(dāng)于 not such a thing。
2. 〖10北京〗First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _____ second chance to make _____ first impression.
A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a
導(dǎo)語:選 解析:第一空用不定冠詞a,a second chance 表示"再給一次機(jī)會";第二空表示特指。
3. 〖10山東〗If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we'll have _______ better view.
A. 不填; the B. 不填;a C. the; a D. the;the
導(dǎo)語:選 解析:由句意可知,坐在汽車的前面指的是坐在汽車內(nèi)的前面,所以用the front of; 第二空表泛指,所以用不定冠詞。
4. (2010.四川)In ____ most countries, a university degree can give you____ flying start in life.
導(dǎo)語:選 解析:第一空,復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指,之前不用冠詞,第二空表泛指用不定冠詞。
5. 〖09四川〗In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study ________ second foreign language. 21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)
A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the 21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)
導(dǎo)語:選 解析:job 是可數(shù)名詞,此處表示泛指,且指單數(shù),故用不定冠詞;后一空a second表示"再一,又一"
6. 〖09全國II〗What I need is book that contains ABC of oil painting.
A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; an D. a; the 2
1導(dǎo)語:選 解析:前一空應(yīng)表達(dá)的意思為"一本書"而不是"那本書", 故用不定冠詞;后一空ABC表示"基礎(chǔ)知識,啟蒙知識",故應(yīng)用定冠詞。
7. 〖09北京〗The biggest whale is ______ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long-the height of _______ 9-story building. 21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a 21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗第一空用the+n表示類別, 是指blue whale這一類動物;第二空用a表示泛指。
8. 〖09安徽〗We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. 2
A. a; a B. a; the 21世紀(jì)教育 網(wǎng)C. the; a D. the; the 21世紀(jì)教
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗因為sky和world原本是獨一無二的, 但這里前面都有了形容詞修飾, 表示會出現(xiàn)一個什么樣的sky和world, 這里就屬于泛指了。
9. 〖08江西〗--- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
--- It is not your fault. With _____ rush-hour traffic and ____ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗句意為:--開會來晚了我非常抱歉。--這不是你的錯, 這正是上下班的高峰期而且又下了大雨, 難怪你來晚了。第一個空特指高峰時間擁擠的交通;第二個空特指雙方所指的大雨。
10.〖08陜西〗I ate _________ sandwich while I was waiting for _________ 20:08 train.
A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. a, a
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗sandwich是可數(shù)名詞, 且在句中首次出現(xiàn), 表示泛指, 其前須加不定冠詞;而 "二十點零八分的火車"是特指的惟一的概念, 故其前須加定冠詞the。
小結(jié):考查 通過 和 來判斷。
、.
1. 〖09浙江〗I don't understand what the engineer means, but I've got ______ rough idea of _____ project plan.
A. the; a B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗前空構(gòu)成短語get a+adj+idea of sth, 泛指一種大體的想法, 后空指雙方都知道的那個project計劃。
2.〖08遼寧〗My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk, but I don't think I've got ______ energy.
A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填;the D. a; the
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗句意為:我的鄰居叫我去散步, 但我認(rèn)為我沒有(那樣的)力氣。第一個空go for a walk為固定短語;第二個空特指散步用的力氣。
3. 〖10遼寧〗There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.
A. the; the B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗第一空in space 是固定短語, 不用冠詞, 第二空名詞earth屬于獨一無二事物的名詞, 其前必須用定冠詞。
4. 〖10浙江〗Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up weakening of the human body.
A. a; / B. /; the C. a; the D. /; /
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗對……有害用短語 "do harm to"表示, 中間無需冠詞;之后的weakening是由動詞的ing形式表示抽象的名詞, 表達(dá)一種概念、狀況時需要加上the。
5. 〖09全國卷Ⅰ〗Let's go to ______ cinema ---- that'll take your mind off the problem for ___ while.
A. the;the B. the; a C. a:the 。模幔海
導(dǎo)語:選 解析:go to the cinema 與for a while 均為習(xí)慣搭配,分別指"去看電影"和"一會兒"。
6. 〖09陜西〗What ___ pity that you couldn't be there to receive ___ prize!
A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗第一空所填冠詞與上下文構(gòu)成固定句型what a pity that…, 用不定冠詞a;第二空后名詞表示表特指, 用定冠詞the, 選C。
7. 〖08山東〗Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource.
A. 不填;a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗the Internet因特網(wǎng), 為固定搭配;as a resource "作為一種資源", 此處用a表示泛指。
8. 〖08江蘇〗We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.
A. the; the B.不填;the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗by sea經(jīng)海路, by the sea在海邊;表示大陸、大洋等的名詞前通常加定冠詞the。
9. 〖08浙江〗______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗第一個空指一個蘋果, 是泛指;第二個空考查hit sb. in/on the+部位, 表示 "擊打某人的某個部位"。
10. 〖07江西〗Many people have come to realize that they ahould go on ___balanced diet and make ____ room in their day for exercise.
A.a;/ B.the; a C.the;the D./;a
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗go on a balanced diet 進(jìn)行均衡飲食,為固定搭配。第二空make room"騰地方;找機(jī)會",為固定搭配。
小結(jié):考查 通過 和 來判斷。
、.
〖10福建〗It's good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.
A. 不填, a B. a, 不填 C. the, a D. a, the
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗good feeling指一種美好的感覺,并非特指, 故用a;pleasure是抽象名詞, 無需冠詞。
〖09江西〗Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world. 21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)
A. /; the B. the; / C. an; the D. the; a 21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗Air pollution 是抽象名詞這里是泛指, weather 這里是特指全球的氣候, 根據(jù)the weather around the world 可知。
〖07 福建〗-How about Christmas evening party?
-I should say it was success.
A.a; a B.The; a C.a;不填 D.the; 不填
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗第一空指雙方都知道圣誕晚會;第二空意為"一次成功的晚會",表泛指。
〖06 全國Ⅱ〗I know you don't like music very much. But what do you think of music in the film we saw yesterday?
A. 不填;不填 B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;the
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗music意為 "音樂", 前不用冠詞。第二個music指電影中的音樂, 表示特指, 要用定冠詞the。
〖06 湖南〗In________ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of________ heart disease by 76%.
A. a; the B. the;a C. a ;不填 D.不填;a
導(dǎo)語:選 〖解析〗review表示"匯報,報告"時是可數(shù)名詞, 表示泛指要用不定冠詞a。disease表身體某一部位的疾病時不可數(shù),不用冠詞。
小結(jié):考查 通過 和 來判斷。
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