定語從句that的八種特殊用法

　　先行詞為不定代詞、先行詞是形容詞級或被形容詞級修飾、先行詞是序數(shù)詞或其被序數(shù)詞修飾、先行詞被the very， the only等詞修飾、先行詞包含了人和事物兩方面的含義、先行詞被same修飾，且指“同一物品”、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語、主句是以who，which開頭的特殊疑問句或先行詞是who。

　　1、定語從句that的八種特殊用法

　　引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞who，which有時可與that互換使用。但在下面情況，一般只用that.

　　一、當(dāng)先行詞為不定代詞

　　anything， everything， nothing， any， little， one， few， much， all， none等時。如：?

　　a.There isn't much that I can do. b.He is one of the few that can work it out in five minutes.

　　二、當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞級或被形容詞級修飾時。如：?

　　a.The book is the best that I have read. b.This is the biggest laboratory that we have ever built in our university.

　　三、當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或其被序數(shù)詞修飾時。如：?

　　a.It is the third one that I've bought. b.This is the first place that I‘ve ever visited.

　　四、當(dāng)先行詞被the very， the only等詞修飾時。如：?

　　a.Is this the very museum that you visited the other day? b.This is the only book that I need at present.

　　五、當(dāng)先行詞包含了人和事物兩方面的含義時。如：?

　　They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.

　　六、當(dāng)先行詞被same修飾，且指“同一物品”時。如：?

　　She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.

　　七、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時。如：?

　　a.This is no longer the place that it used to be. b.He is not the man that he was.

　　八、當(dāng)主句是以who，which開頭的特殊疑問句或先行詞是who時。如：

　　a.Which is the book that he bought yesterday? b.Who that you have ever seen can beat him in the game?

　　2、that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句

　　1)由that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。

　　What have I done that you should treat me like this? 我究竟干了什么，你竟這樣對待我？

　　2)結(jié)果狀語從句中的that 有時還可以省列。

　　He is such a marvelous joker you can't help laughing. 他的笑話講得那么出色，你會禁不住哈哈大笑。

　　從結(jié)構(gòu)的角度講，區(qū)分that是引導(dǎo)狀語從句還是引導(dǎo)定語從句可以根椐從句的成分是否完整來判斷。定語從句通常是不完整的，即從句所修飾的先行詞會在從句中充當(dāng)某成分。如：It is a story that people believe. 這是一個人們都相信的故事。(這里story作believe的賓語。)

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