高考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)：虛擬語(yǔ)氣倒裝講解及練習(xí)

　　部分倒裝的形式: 主謂賓保持原來(lái)的形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的助動(dòng)詞放到主語(yǔ)的前面。

　　1、當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為否定詞或帶有否定意義的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)句子就需要部分倒裝 這類(lèi)詞語(yǔ)有hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, few,little, less, at no time, by no means, in no case, under no circumstance, in no way,on no account, on no consideration, no longer, not only等。 eg. He never smokes. 他從來(lái)不抽煙。 Never does he smoke. eg. Not only did the customer complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it. 這位顧客不僅僅 抱怨食物不好，還拒絕付費(fèi)。 eg. 在任何情況下我都不會(huì)相信你。Under no circumstance do I trust you.

　　2、當(dāng)句首為only加狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，這個(gè)句子需要部分倒裝。 eg. Only with you can I feel happy. eg. 只有當(dāng)你來(lái)了這，我們才可以開(kāi)始會(huì)議。 Only when you come, can we start the

　　meeting.

　　3、so......that 結(jié)構(gòu)中的so位于句首時(shí)，常引起部分倒裝 eg. He runs so fast that I can't catch up with him. 他跑得實(shí)在是太快了，以致于我 都沒(méi)有辦法追上他。 So fast does he run that I can't catch up with him. eg. The moon was so bright that the flowers bright as by day. 皓月當(dāng)空，花朵就像白天那樣的鮮艷。 So bright was the moon that the flowers bright as by day.

　　4、句子開(kāi)頭的as 處在第二個(gè)單詞的位置上，表示雖然的意思。 eg. Although I am young, I can live by myself. 雖然我很小但是我卻能養(yǎng)活自己了。 Young as I am, I can live by myself. eg. Although she is a girl, she can support the hole family. 雖然她是個(gè)女孩，但 是她卻可以養(yǎng)活整個(gè)家庭的人。Girl as she is, she can support the hole family. eg. Although I like music very much,.... Much as I like music,.....

　　5、常見(jiàn)的固定搭配結(jié)構(gòu)中需要用倒裝的情況。 hardly.....when.... 一......就...... scarcely .....when..... hardly，scarcely 后面一定要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，when 后面用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 eg. Hardly had he seen me when he ran away. 他一看到我就跑開(kāi)了。 eg. Hardly had the baby cried when his mother rushed to carry him. 嬰兒一哭，他媽媽就跑去抱他。 no sooner....than..... 一......就...... no sooner 后面一定要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，than 的后面用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 eg. No sooner had they reached home than it rained more and more heavily. 他們一到家，雨就越下越大起來(lái)。 the more ......the more... 越....越.... eg. The harder you work, the happier you feel. 你工作越努力，就越覺(jué)得快樂(lè)。

　　虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝形式怎么用?請(qǐng)看典型考題：

　　__________ your address，I would have written to you.

　　A. Did I know B. Were I to know

　　C. Had I known D. If I should know

　　此題應(yīng)選 C。這是虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝形式。當(dāng)虛擬條件句中含有 were，had，should，could等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以將if省略，然后將 were，had，should，could 等詞移至句首：

　　1. If he should fail，he would kill himself.

　　→Should he fail，he would kill himself.

　　萬(wàn)一失敗，他就會(huì)自殺。

　　2. If I were you，I would do it at once.

　　→Were I you，I would do it at once.

　　假若我是你，我就會(huì)馬上做。

　　3. If I could do it，I would.

　　→Could I do it，I would.

　　要是我能做此事，我一定會(huì)做。

　　4. If he had seen you yesterday，he would have asked you about it.

　　→Had he seen you yesterday，he would have asked you about it.

　　他昨天要是看到了你，他就會(huì)問(wèn)你這事了。

　　順便說(shuō)一句，以上移至句首的 had不一定是助動(dòng)詞，如果是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞也可倒裝：

　　If he had money，he would buy a car.

　　→Had he money，he would buy a car.

　　他要是有錢(qián)，他就會(huì)買(mǎi)一輛小車(chē)。